School absences

Patients sensitive to specific allergens should be educated on ways to avoid them. Environmental controls to reduce the allergen load in the patient s home may reduce asthma symptoms, school absences because of asthma, and unscheduled clinic and emergency visits for asthma.13 Patients allergic to warm-blooded pets should remove them from the home if possible or at least keep them out of the bedroom. However, allergens may remain in the home for months after the pet is removed.1... 

Children Inhalation flOppb hourly peak levels NR Increased occurrence of sane throats, colds and school absences in children exposed to unfhued gas heating in classrooms. Pilocio et al 1997... 

Childhood asthma hospitalizations in Seattle rose from 306 in 1988 to 612 in 1993, an average increase of 14.4%/yr for children under 15 yr of age (WSDH 1994), compared with a 4%/yr increase in the U.S. as a whole. Asthma-related hospital costs in Seattle rose more than 300% in these same 6 years from 614,000 to 2,526,000. Seattle hospital rates were 56/10,000 in 1993 (Fig. 1) compared with 35/10,000 per year for the U.S. as a whole (NHLBI 1994a WSDH 1994). These rates were based on the 1990 census data, adjusted by using the Seattle public school (unpublished) population for October of each year. The average 1993 rates (90.8) in the four Seattle zip code areas with the most Medicaid cases averaged five times that (17.9) found in Redmond, a suburb of Seattle (WSDH 1994). Asthma is the leading cause of hospitalization of preschool children in Seattle and the leading cause of school absence in the U.S. (Batik et al. 1992 Pope et al. 1993). 

Asthma in the U.S. was estimated to cost 6.2 billion in 1990 (Weiss et al. 1992a,b). However, asthma-related visits to hospitals and school absence will be rare if the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI 1994b) Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma are fol-... 

Weitzman, M., Walker, D. K., Gortmaker, S. (1986). Chronic illness, psychosocial problems, and school absences. Clinical Pediatrics, 25,137-141. 

From a therapeutic point of view, it is essential to confirm the presence of bacteriuria (a condition in which there are bacteria in the urine) since symptoms alone are not a reliable method of documenting infection. This applies particularly to bladder infection where the symptoms of burning micturition (dysuria) and frequency can be associated with a variety of non-bacteriuric conditions. Patients with symptomatic bacteriuria should always be treated. However, the necessity to treat asymptomatic bacteriuric patients varies with age and the presence or absence of underlying urinary tract abnormalities. In the pre-school child it is essential to treat all urinary tract infections and maintain the urine in a sterile state so that normal kidney maturation can proceed. Likewise in pregnancy there is a risk of infection ascending from the bladder to involve the kidney. This is a serious complication and may result in premature labour. Other indications for treating asymptomatic bacteriuria include the presence of underlying renal abnormalities such as stones which may be associated with repeated infections caused by Proteus spp. 

Efficacy Reduction in/absence of pelvic pain related to menses reduction in time lost from work/school improved quality of life. 

Have you ever opened an old bottle of hydrogen peroxide and noticed that it has lost its potency The hydrogen peroxide has decomposed, leaving you with a bottle of water. At room temperature, in the absence of a catalyst, the decomposition of H2O2 occurs very slowly, over a period of months or years. With the help of a catalyst, however, the rate of the reaction can be increased to the point where it can be easily studied in a high school laboratory. 

My employers, Middlesex University, granted me a term s sabbatic leave in which 1 was able to write the first draft, the University Business School promptly obtained all the books I requested, and Stephen Hearnden deputized in my absence so competently that 1 was free to concentrate exclusively on writing. Joan Lindeman suggested that I ask for sabbatical leave in the first place. 

Wysocki T, Harris MA, Mauras N, Fox L, Taylor A, Jackson SC, White NH. Absence of adverse effects of severe hypoglycemia on cognitive function in school-aged children with diabetes over 18 months. Diabetes Care 2003 26(4) 1100-5. 

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