Scale-up concept

This paper will illustrate how the technology of the CONDEA group, flexibility in manufacturing and a unique scale-up concept can meet the specific raw material requirements of the catalyst industry for new and better-performing catalysts. 

We ourselves experienced such scale-up and subsequent approval problems with our customers when we interdicted the SIRAL silica-alumina product line several years ago. This experience caused CONDEA to develop a scale-up concept for new products from laboratory to full commercial scale. The key to this concept is a flexible multi-purpose so-called Semi-Commercial Plant of approx. 1200 mt capacity per year, which was commissioned in 1991 in Bumsbuettel, Germany. 

Initially, we will focus on the mesoscopic description associated with the radiative transfer equation. Then, we will introduce the single-scattering approximation and two macroscopic approximations the PI approximation and two-flux approximation. AH of these discussions are based on the configuration shown in Fig. 6. Collimated emission and Lambertian emission wiU also be considered in the discussion later they correspond to the direct component and the diffuse component of solar radiation, respectively. Throughout our study, the biomass concentration Cx is homogeneous in the reaction volume V (assumption of perfect mixing), and the emission phenomena in V are negligible. The concentration Cx is selected close to the optimum for the operation of the photobioreactor the local photon absorption rate. 4 at the rear of the photobioreactor is close to the compensation point A.C (see Section 5 and chapter Industrial Photobioreactors and Scale-up Concepts by Pruvost et al.). 

It has been previously demonstrated in both cases that these thermodynamic-efficiency levels strongly decrease with the increasing incident PFD ( n this effect forms the basis of the light dilution concept for improvement of thermodynamic performance of photobioreactors (Comet, 2010 Pmvost and Comet, 2012). For example, in the DiCoFluV concept (for which simulations of the complete model are shown in Fig. 29 at the end of this section), the sunlight capture surface can be 50-fold smaller than the light distribution surface inside the photobioreactor (see chapter Industrial Photobioreactors and Scale-up Concepts by Pmvost et al.). 

Finally, the reader will also find experimental vafidation of the proposed model in other interesting situations in chapter Industrial Photobioreactors and Scale-up Concepts by Pruvost et al. 

Jeremy Pruvost, Francois Le Borgne, Arnaud Artu, Jean-Franqois Comet, and Jack Legrand, Industrial Miotobioreactof and Scale-Up Concepts... 

Scale-up concept for modular microstructured reactors based on mixing, heat transfer, and reactor safety. Chem. Eng. Process., 50 (10), 1017-1026. 

Integrating Strategy as General Scale-Up Concept in Bioprocessing 381... 

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