Saturation temperature linear correlation

The influences of temperature on cellular uptake of the naked DNA and the DNA/2E04C ION complex were shown in Figure 3. FITC-dextran was employed as a control which is known as endocytosis marker. Uptake efficiency of FITC-dextran and naked DNA at 4 °C were quite low, and largely increased at higher temperatures but saturated at 20 °C. On the other hand, uptake efficiency of the DNA/2EO4C10N complex increases gradually with increasing temperatures. Linear correlation between cell uptake and incubation temperature has been observed in the case of fusion... 

While Fig. 10.14a, b contain 30% and 10% of Pt3Ni cubes (with the remaining particles being truncated-octahedrons), respectively, Fig. 10.14c contains only tmncated-octahedrons. The particle size is on the order of 5 to 7 nm. Only two types of facets are exposed of aU the nanocrystals, i.e., the 111 and 100. The fractions of the 111 surface area over the total surface area could be calculated based on the geometries of the shapes and the population statistics. The ORR kinetics of the nanocrystals were studied on RDEs in 02-saturated 0.1 M HCIO4, at room temperature, at 1,600 rpm, with a potential scan rate of 10 mV/s. Figure 10.15 shows comparison of polarization curves, cyclic-voltammetry curves, mass activities, and specific activities of the Pt3Ni nanocrystals to the standard TKK Pt/Vulcan carbon catalyst. As shown in Fig. 10.15d, almost-linear correlations were obtained for both mass activities and specific activities versus the fi action of the (111) surface area over the total surface area. A tabulated kinetic activity comparison is shown in Table 10.1. The mass activity and specific activity comparisons were made at 0.9 V versus RHE. 

Quantitative and qualitative changes in chemisorption of the reactants in methanol synthesis occur as a consequence of the chemical and physical interactions of the components of the copper-zinc oxide binary catalysts. Parris and Klier (43) have found that irreversible chemisorption of carbon monoxide is induced in the copper-zinc oxide catalysts, while pure copper chemisorbs CO only reversibly and pure zinc oxide does not chemisorb this gas at all at ambient temperature. The CO chemisorption isotherms are shown in Fig. 12, and the variations of total CO adsorption at saturation and its irreversible portion with the Cu/ZnO ratio are displayed in Fig. 13. The irreversible portion was defined as one which could not be removed by 10 min pumping at 10"6 Torr at room temperature. The weakly adsorbed CO, given by the difference between the total and irreversible CO adsorption, correlated linearly with the amount of irreversibly chemisorbed oxygen, as demonstrated in Fig. 14. The most straightforward interpretation of this correlation is that both irreversible oxygen and reversible CO adsorb on the copper metal surface. The stoichiometry is approximately C0 0 = 1 2, a ratio obtained for pure copper, over the whole compositional range of the... 

Where W is the equilibrium adsorption capacity. Wo is the total volume of the micropores aecessible to the given adsorbate, k is a characteristic constant related to the pore structure of the adsorbent, P is an affinity coefficient, Csai is the saturation concentration in the gas phase of liquid adsorbate at the adsorption temperature T, and C is the eoncentration of adsorbate vapor in equilibrium. Plotting ln(W) versus [RTln(Csai/C)] the parameters K/p and Wo in the DR equation were determined by the slope and the intercept of the linear lines respeetively. The obtained results and correlation coefficients are eompiled in Table 2. This Table shows the DR equation parameters and the... 

Developments in liquid state theory and empirical studies of transport phenomena in liquids can be exploited by restricting the correlation to the region of saturated or compressed liquids away from the critical point (Brush 1962 Schwen Puhl 1988). The basis of one such class of correlations is the recognition that liquid transport properties, and in particular viscosity, can be correlated well in terms of the difference between the molar volume and a compact packing volume which is fluid-specific and a weak function of temperature. The simplest form of this type of correlation is the fluidity ( ) versus molar volume V = p ) approach described by Batschinski (1913) and Hildebrand (1977) for pure fluids based on experimental observations these variables are linearly related to a very good approximation. Hard-sphere theories such as that proposed by Enskog and several modifications of this approach have also been used for liquids. Current work in this area has evolved significantly and is described in detail in Chapters 5 and 10. 

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