Saponification products

The sirup and the crystalline acid (VIII), when oxidized with sodium periodate, gave the same aldehydes as those produced by the oxidation of the ester from D-glucose (II) and its saponification product (XXX), respectively. Hence, the mechanism of the reaction of D-galactose is the same as that of D-glucose and D-mannose. Moreover, the approximate yield from... 

The synthesis of the progestin antagonist onapristone (31-2) also starts with the saponification product from (24-2). In this case, the intermediate is first converted to a 3,3-drmethylpropylene acetal by reaction with neopentyl glycol oxidation as... 

Chromatographic Identification of Saponification Products of Plasticization Agents... 

If plasticizer analysis presents difficulties by direct chromatographic methods there is always the possibility of chemically converting the plasticizers into reaction products which are easier to separate. Since, chemically, esters predominate among the technical plasticizers, analysis of their saponification products must be dealt with first. 

The triglyceride shown in Example 15.2 would give the same saponification products. 

Saponification. Corey etal. employed 2,2 -dihydroxydiethyl sulfide to suppress cleavage of the methylthiomethyl ether group during the hydrolysis of the lactone 1 with Li0H-H202. Treatment of the saponification product with KOH (to effect benzoic ester cleavage) and then diazomethane gives 2, a key intermediate in the synthesis of erythronolide A (3). 

Enantiomerically pure 7-oxanorbornenyl derivatives 319, 320, 321, their saponification products (recovery of the chiral auxiliary in the aqueous phase) and ketones (+)-322 and (—)-322 are coined naked sugars of the first generation because they are chirons (= enantiomerically pure synthetic intermediates) like those derived from natural hexoses. Like natural sugars, they are enantiomerically pure. However, unlike natural sugars, they possess three unsubstituted (naked) carbon centers, the substitution of which follows highly stereoselective methods giving polysubstituted 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-ones that can be oxidized into the corresponding uronolactones as illustrated below. 

Due to the attractivity of this method several groups have developed onium salt supported versions of classical reactions. For example, starting from hydroxyl derived imidazolium salts, formation of supported acrylates with acryloyl chloride followed by reaction with diene in refluxing toluene afforded Diels Alder adduct in good yields (>65%). After saponification, products are isolated without further purification [127], Alternatively, starting from carboxylic acid derived imidazolium salts, acyl chloride formation with thionyl chloride in acetonitrile, followed by reaction with 4-aminophenol led to supported N-arylamide. Williamson alkylation using NaOH as a base and subsequent cleavage from the onium salt support under acidic condition (HCI/I I2()/ AcOH) allowed for isolation of various alkoxy substituted anilines with >98% purity... 

This so-called Beckmann transformation has been of great significance for the explanation of the constitution of the isomeric oximes. If- eg., phosphorus pentachloride is allowed to act on both of the above formulated stereoisomeric oximes of the brombenzophenone, the same compounds are not obtained from both, but two different ones, which, as follows from their saponification products, correspond on the one hand to the benzoyl derivative of bromaniline, and, on the other, to the brombenzoyl derivative of aniline ... 

As displayed in Figure 10.4, the ricinoleic acid (here the saponification product, pure ricinoleic acid) is subjected to a further alkaline treatment. At elevated temperatures (180-270 °C) the ricinoleic acid is subjected to a strong soda (with NaOH or KOH) treatment to cleave 2-octanol and sebacic acid. The 2-octanol side product could be a source for various eight carbon products, but is currently marketed in low-end applications areas such as plasticizers, if not directly combusted. 

Magnesium soaps Saponification products of magnesium and various fatty acids. Magnesium stearate n. Mg(OOCCi7H35)2. A white, soft powder used as a lubricant and stabilizer. 

Notice that glyceryl palmitostearooleate and glyceryl stearopalmitooleate give identical saponification products. 

PROBLEM 15.3 What saponification products would be obtained from each of the triglycerides in Problem 15.2 ... 

Magnesium Soaps Saponification products of magnesium and various fatty acids. 

The thus obtained saponification products are especially suitable for use in a subsequent grease-making procedure because they accept additional base oil. Also, shorter soap conditioning periods are required. The different physical conditions of these products are shown by the fact that they form grease-like products immediately upon cooling when the saponification mixture contains base oil, differently from saponification products obtained under different conditions. 

A. Examination of the Neutral Saponification Product.— From the alkaline solution, distill about 4 cc. This fraction may be used for the identification of the alcohol in the case of an unknown. Water-soluble alcohols can be salted out with K2CO3. 

B. Examination of the Acidic Saponification Product.—Cool the residue in the distilling bulb and acidify with dilute H2SO4. Benzoic acid will separate. Do not mistake a precipitate of sodium, sulfate for an organic acid. If in doubt, test the solubility of the product in ether. 

Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesives Saponification product of polyvinyl acetate or other polyvinvyi esters Bonding paper, cardboard, wood, base material for moisture-activated bonding... 

Esters of sucrose and fatty acids may be saponified at room temperature with ethan-olic NaOH. Derivatives of the saponification products are then analyzed by GC sucrose is determined as the trimethylsilyl ether, and the acid as the methyl ester (85). Ethoxylated sorbitan esters may be similarly analyzed, with the esters saponified with KOH/ethanol... 

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