Powdered mineral

The term bitumen is used in France to designate petroleum products, as in Great Britain and Germany. In the United States on the other hand, the equivalent material is designated by the expression asphalt-cement . In France, asphalt is a mastic, a mixture of bitumen and powdered minerals, poured in place. This mixture can be either natural or reconstituted by an industriai process. Asphait (French meaning) is utilized on roads, particularly in urban centers as well as for sidewalk surfacing. 

X-ray diffraction has been applied to certain AB cements. For example. Crisp et al. (1979), in a study of silicate mineral-poly(acrylic acid) cements, used the technique both to assess the purity of the powdered minerals employed and to monitor mineral decomposition in mixtures with poly(acrylic acid), in order to indicate whether or not cement formation had taken place. They employed Cu radiation passed through a nickel filter for most of the samples, a seven-hour exposure time was found to be adequate for the development of a discernible diffraction pattern. Samples were identified by reference to published powder diffraction data. 

Trigonal crystalline solid or amorphous powder mineral millerite has a yellow metallic luster color varies from yellow to brownish black density 5.30 to 6.65 g/cm3 exhibits three allotropic modifications (1) the acid-soluble amorphous alpha form obtained from nickel salt solution by precipitation with ammonium sulfide, (2) the alpha form rapidly transforms to a crystalline beta form as a brown colloidal dispersion upon exposure to air, and (3) a rhombo-hedral gamma modification found native as mineral millerite, which also can be prepared artificially under certain conditions. 

Contact angle measurements are of fundamental importance in a range of industrial and everyday processes such as flotation, painting (i.e. the paint must wet the substrate) and weather-proofing. In the flotation process a solid block of the powdered mineral to be floated is often studied using a wide range of collector (i.e. surfactant) solutions to determine optimum flotation conditions. 

Lithium.—In order to extract lithium from the silicate minerals—petalite, lepidolite, spodumene, amblygonite, etc.—J. J. Berzelius 3 fused the finely powdered mineral with twice its weight of calcium or barium carbonate. L. Troost fused a mixture of finely powdered lepidolite with an equal weight of barium carbonate, half its weight of barium sulphate, and one-third its weight of potassium sulphate. In the latter case, two layers were formed lithium and potassium sulphates accumulated in the upper layer from which they were extracted by simple lixiviation. The sulphates are converted to chlorides by treatment with barium chloride. The filtered liquid is evaporated to dryness, and the chlorides extracted with a mixture of absolute alcohol, or pyridine. The lithium chloride dissolves, the other alkali chlorides remain as an almost insoluble residue. 

Cocoa powder -mineral nutrients source [MINERAL NUTRIENTS] (Vol 16)... 

Oral bulk powder Mineral oil (generic, others)... 

Rohl AN, Langer AM, Selikoff IJ, et al. 1976. Consumer talcirms and powders mineral and chemical characterization. J Toxicol Environ Health 2 225-284. 

From wulfenite, molybdenum trioxide is prepared by digesting the mineral (previously washed with dilute hydrochloric acid) with concentrated hydrochloric acid lead still remaining in solution after cooling and filtration is removed by the addition of sulphuric acid, and the filtrate is evaporated to dryness with the addition of a small quantity of nitric acid. The ammonia extract of this mass is then subjected to the method of purification previously described. Another method consists in decomposing the finely powdered mineral by means of concentrated sulphuric acid, diluting to precipitate lead sulphate, and evaporating the filtrate until precipitation of molybdic anhydride occurs. ... 

Some geological materials, specifically clays, ochres, and finely powdered mineral pigments have particle sizes too small to be studied by petrography, but can be analyzed by either Raman IR spectroscopy or by X-ray diffraction. The interpretation of data from both methods, however, is difficult if more than a few minerals are present. 

The carbonate content of mudrocks was determined by weight loss upon reaction with 10% HCl (Table 3). The mineralogy of the mudrocks was determined by XRD (X-ray dilfraction) of randomly oriented whole-rock powders mineral percentages were calculated using the method of Lynch (in review). Further evaluation of the clay minerals... 

Asbestos, either powdered or in fiber form, imparts heat resistance aluminum trihydrate and talcum act as flame retarders mica gives excellent electrical properties and aluminum powder improves heat transfer. Powdered minerals such as silica or china clay are often used to Improve water resistance. One novel area is the use of hollow glass spheres in rigid polyurethane foam, known as "diafoam," to achieve 30-70% higher flexural and compression moduli. This foam is used as "structural foam" in furniture. 

The roasted and powdered mineral is then heated with pow-derod coal, when the sino is rednced and distils over —... 

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