Sales turnover

The losses that companies can face are influenced by many factors including market sector, sales turnover and product liability history. It is not easy to make a satisfactory estimate of the product liability costs associated with quality of non-conformance, and... 

Sales turnover on the right side of the figure is volatile not only by volatile sales volumes and prices... 

The respective spot price-quantity with the average spot sales price psplt and spot sales quantity xsplt and the spot turnover curve with spot demand turnover yspltand spot sales turnover ys, all defined / p,l e Is2, teT are illustrated in fig. 59. 

Step 3 Determine partial quantity points Phase II Determine step 4 Determine partial spot sales quantities turnover approxima- step 5 Determine partial spot sales turnovers... 

Step 5 Determine Partial Spot Sales Turnovers... 

Partial spot sales turnovers at the partial quantity points are determined using the exact turnover function. 

Step 6 Determine Partial Spot Sales Turnover Gradients... 

Sales decision variables are the spot sales quantity xsplt, the spot sales turnover ysplt and the respective total sales quantity x pll, / p,l e Is2, teT. Additionally, the partial spot sales quantities xfplt and the approximated partial spot sales turnovers yfplt are required for turnover approximation V / ./ e Is2, j = l..N-l, teT. Relaxation variables Asp m and A ax, / p.l)e Is2, teT are used for hard constraints to relax them in case of model infeasibility as introduced in the relaxation concept in 0. They represent the sales minimum relaxation quantity and sales maximum relaxation quantity required to open the hard constraints. The binary sales relaxation case variable, / pJ e Is2, te T is 1 if the related constraint is relaxed, otherwise it is 0. 8splt is used to count all sales relaxation cases. 

Partial spot sales turnover is the product of partial quantity and partial turnover gradient. 

The spot sales turnover is the sum of the partial spot sales turnovers. 

The total net sales turnover yf per period sums spot sales turnover y% as well as contract turnover by product and location /pe PJ eL multiplied with the location exchange rate factor Xn of the period. 

Sales costs in the base currency are calculated applying the sales cost share rate on sales turnover. 

Turnover approximation evaluation compares approximated spot sales turnover ys Fprx with the exact calculated spot sales turnover ys, ak for the same spot sales quantity decision / p,l e Is2, teT. The approximated spot sales turnover is equal to the spot sales turnover determined in the model. 

The exact spot sales turnover is determined using the spot sales quantity x% within the exact turnover function. 

Valued inventory ranges compare total inventory value with total sales turnover. 

Secondly, the profit volatility is mainly driven by sales and procurement value volatility and the respective ratio of sales turnover to procurement costs. The higher the ratio of sales turnover to procurement costs, the better the respective profit index. 

Sales volumes by period follow the same pattern as sales turnover does with a peak in the middle periods. In conclusion, the overall demand volume and prices are sufficiently attractive to be served. 

Regional sales planning has to decide the regional spot sales quantity xsaRs and the regional spot sales turnover, / a,k) e Is1, t e T. 

Regional sales planning objective is to maximize discounted regional spot sales profit considering sales turnover and the described sales- and distribution-oriented costs ... 

Consequently, regional model constraints are focused on spot sales. The spot sales turnover is the sum of regional spot sales quantities and the spot... 

Global spot sales turnover has to be equal to the regional spot sales turnover. 

In this simplified case, all distribution, production and procurement costs are summarized under period-specific supply costs vfupply. The scenario profit zo is calculated by the scenario spot sales turnover multiplied with the respective scenario factor Sspslot plus the contractually agreed turnover less the supply costs. 

A piecewise linear turnover approximation supports effective and accurate decision making on sales turnover based on price-quantity functions and elasticity as an alternative to exact quadratic optimization. 

Recovery of costs by successful marketing of products is essential in order to maximise shareholder return. As R D costs continue to increase by between 8% and 11% per annum, and sales turnover increases by between 5% and 7% per annum, R D takes up an increasing proportion of the pharmaceutical budget, and for the largest pharmaceutical companies it is about 17% of turnover. 

Industry profits are indeed high related to those found in other sectors, notably service (retail and wholesaler) industries. This is due in part to the fact that the pharmaceutical industry is asset-intensive rather than labor-intensive, which leads to a low asset-to-sales turnover ratio, which in turn leads to a high rate of return on equity. Conversely, sectors with low asset-to-sales turnover ratios will have low rates of return on equity. 

To have 25 % of the sales turnover from new products by year XX... 

Figure 2 Compared lifetimes and sales turnovers of fine chemicals versus bulk chemicals 1.2 Scientific Considerations...

The cash flow is the difference between the sales turnover and the monies expended therefor. Figure 6.3-1 shows the schematic cash flow of an investment. 

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