Safety dimensions

The vehicle safety dimension is currently based on the percentage of the vehicles (not motorcycles) in the total vehicle fleet. Additional indicators that may be added in the long term include percentage of vehicles by age of car, and index of national crashworthiness (percentage of vehicles by crash performance and the protection give to... 

Figure 5.3 The outcome differences on road safety dimensions between ASEAN conntries and Sweden (in 2003)...

Pun, K.F., Hui, I.K., 2002. Integrating the safety dimension into quality management systems a process model. Total Quality Management 13(3) 373-391. 

NIL 04] Nilsson G., Traffic safety dimensions and the Power Model to describe the effect of speed on safety, PhD Thesis, Lund University of Technology, 2004. 

As a further safety dimension an ammonia detection system in an area around the storage facility may be used. Such a system would give indications of any leaks from the ammonia storage and record even a few ppm of ammonia in the atmosphere [85]. The knowledge learned on stress corrosion cracking, construction, safe operation, and maintenance has contributed greatly to the safety of atmospheric ammonia storage systems. 

Of the nine dimensions of the OCDI, the first six address the organizational and team "glue" that fosters loyalty and good citizenship. These dimensions address how workers and teams at all levels relate to one another and function effectively. They underlie the excellence of performance and reliably predict the tendency toward ethical thinking and practices as an organization. The remaining three safety dimensions quantify the... 

In an ideal situation we would like to have a balanced combination between evaluation of the welder s performance on one hand, and a fracture mechanics basis on the other hand in tenns of "being certain that a defect with dimensions exceeding a certain critical value is not present". The second aspect could be regarded as a safety net with a balanced conservatism. 

Product standards may stipulate performance characteristics, dimensions, quaUty factors, methods of measurement, and tolerances and safety, health, and environmental protection specifications. These are introduced principally to provide for interchangeabiUty and reduction of variety. The latter procedure is referred to as rationalization of the product offering, ie, designation of sizes, ratings, etc, for the attribute range covered and the steps within the range. The designated steps may foUow a modular format or a preferred number sequence. 

For design, the slip velocity is derated to 70-80 percent of the calculated value to give some margin of safety this sets the design value of the continuous phase velocity (V ). The column cross sectional area (and therefore diameter) is set by QJVc- With the diameter set, the other dimensions can be set using the ratios given above. 

In scale-up, runaway exothermic chemical reactions can be prevented by taking appropriate safety measures. The onset or critical temperature for a runaway reaction depends on the rate of heat generation and the rate of cooling, which are closely linked to the dimensions of the vessel. 

Example 2.10 The polypropylene snap fit shown in Fig. 2.22 is to have a length of 10-30 mm. If the insertion force is not to exceed 4 N and the yield stress of the plastic is 30 MN/m, calculate suitable cross-sectional dimensions for the snap fit. The short-term modulus of the polypropylene is 900 MN/m and the coefficient of friction is 0.3. The safety factor on stress is to be 2. 

Dumas, R., 1987, Safety and Quality the Human Dimension, Professional Safety, pp 11-14, December. 

The business quality dimension. This is the extent to which the business services the needs of society. Customers are not only interested in the quality of particular products and services but judge suppliers by the general level of quality products they provide and continuity of supply, their care of the environment, and their adherence to health, safety, and legal regulations. 

If failure is initiated by an increase in internal pressure in combination with a malfunctioning of the pressure relief, the pressure at failure will equal the failure pressure of the vessel. This failure pressure is usually the maximum working pressure multiplied by a safety factor. For carbon-steel vessels, this safety factor can be taken as four. Mote precise calculations ate possible if the vessel s dimensions and material parameters ate known. 

The other global dimension of the systems approach is the need for the existence of policies which address human factors issues at senior levels in the company. This implies that senior management realizes that resources spent on programs to reduce error will be as cost-effective as investments in engineered safety systems. 

Scope, 52 Basis, 52 Compressible Flow Vapors and Gases, 54 Factors of Safety for Design Basis, 56 Pipe, Fittings, and Valves, 56 Pipe, 56 Usual Industry Pipe Sizes and Classes Practice, 59 Total Line Pressure Drop, 64 Background Information, 64 Reynolds Number, R,. (Sometimes used Nr ), 67 Friction Factor, f, 68 Pipe—Relative Roughness, 68 Pressure Drop in Fittings, Valves, Connections Incompressible Fluid, 71 Common Denominator for Use of K Factors in a System of Varying Sizes of Internal Dimensions, 72 Validity of K Values,... 

All equipment should comply with the relevant British and other Standards regarding dimensions, methods of determining ratings, compliance with safety regulations, robustness and general quality of manufacture [70]. BS.5750, Quality Systems, concentrates on the subject of product quality as it affects design, manufacture and installation. In addition to Standards, there are various Codes of Practice [71, 72]. 

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