Safety design approaches

The most logical suming point in tlie safety design approach is to select a site where tlie number of undesirable weather and topograpltic conditions is limited. Adequate utilities and support systems plus fire protection service arc also required for a safe eiiviromnent. Chapter 5 presented a detailed account of phuit site selection and layout. These features will now be considered from a safety point of view. The following guidelines should be observed in dctcrniining a site tliat is favorable for tlie efficient tuid economical operation of the process. 

Designing layers of defense is a common safety design approach used primarily in the process industry, particularly for nuclear power. Different design approaches are commonly used in other industries. 

FUNCTION Retain Radionuclides in Fuel This function refers to the Standard MHTGR safety design approach to design, fabricate, and operate the fuel so that normal operation releases are limited to the extent that only the radionuclide inventory within the fuel itself presents a potential challenge to meeting the lOCFRlOO doses. Thus, only the fuel conditions need be maintained for off-normal events to assure lOCFRlOO compliance. The three sub-functions described in the following paragraphs are those required to maintain the fuel within the required conditions. 

New passive safety design approaches with non-conventional containments ... 

IV-8] ASMOLOV, V.G., SHAKH, O.YA, Summary of foreign regulations and safety design approaches for NPPs of new generation with large-power reactors. Report of the Institute of Safety Problems of the Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute , reg. No. 90-12/1-12-98, Moscow (1999, in Russian). 

Safety design approaches to achieving GIF goals (adapted from Kelly, 2014) ... 

Salvatori, R., 1970, Systematic Approach to Safety Design and Evaluation, IEEE Trans. NS-18, 1 p 495, February. 

Fire safety design requires the same kind of approach. We must develop the necessary scientific quantitative understanding of fire so as to be able to predict the level of a building s fire safety. Again, looking at structural engineering, we see the use of simple formulas for beams, columns, joints, reenforcing rods, etc., which permit quantitative evaluation of structural safety. The phenomena of fire also results in... 

Post RL, Hendershot DC, Kers P. Synergistic design approach to safety and reliability yields great benefits. Chem Eng Prog 2002 98(l) 60-66. 

If these will be eliminated on the basis of choice of available structural materials and/or development of new ones and innovative design approaches, and if operational reliability of two-circuit pool-type reactor with supercritical SG located inside the reactor vessel will be demonstrated then the most important advantage of lead and lead-bismuth-cooled reactors will be the possibility to eliminate the safety concerns of LMFR caused by sodium chemical reactivity with air and water with explosion potential. 

To support this nuclear material safety effort, the DOE has begun to develop a strategic plan that would allow us to allocate resources and work together with you and the international community to design approaches to address nuclear material safety issues. The capabilities and talents currently supporting our cooperative nuclear reactor safety activities, in combination with our growing cooperation within the weapons complex, provide the experience to point the way and provide the basis for successful implementation of a major nuclear materials safety initiative. 

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