Saccharomyces cerevisiae diploid

Fig. 2.4 The budding pattern in haploid and diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The original cell which formed a bud is the mother (M). The daughter cell (D) is shown remaining attached as might be the case in i colonies growing on the surface of agar.

Sora S, Carbone MLA, Pacciatini M, et al. 1986. Disomic and diploid meiotic products induced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the salts of 27 elements. Mutagenesis 1 21 -28. 

Byers B, Goetsch L Electronic microscopic observations on the meiotic karyotype of diploid and tetraploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1975 72 5056-5069. 

In a study on haploid and diploid cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it was shown that the haploid cells are more susceptible to the action of furanocoumarins under 365 nm light, which is probably due to different repair capacity [284]. 

No mutagenic activity of a cardamom aqueous extract was observed in the diploid yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D7 (Chughtai et al. 1998). 

McKee, A. H. Z., and Kleckner, N. (1997). A general method for identifying recessive diploid-specific mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, its application to the isolation of mutants blocked at intermediate stages of meiotic prophase and characterization of a new gene SAE2. Genetics 146, 797-816. 

Figure 9.9 A schematic representation of the cell cycle of a budding wine yeast cell. Haploid and diploid cells reproduce asexually by multilateral budding during which each cell gives rise to a daughter cell made of entirely new cell surface material. Buds may arise at any point on the mother cell surface, but never again at the same site. Under optimal nutritional and cultural conditions Saccharomyces cerevisiae doubles its mass every 90 min. The cell division cycle consists of four phases Gl, S, G2 and M.

Yamada R, Taniguchi N, Tanaka T, Ogino C, Fukuda H, Kondo A. (2011a). Direct ethanol production from cellulosic materials using a diploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with optimized cellulase expression. Biotechnol Biofuels, 4, 8. 

Diao, L., Liu, Y, Qian, F., Yang, J. et al. (2013) Construction of fast xylose-fermenting yeast based on industrial ethanol-producing diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae by rational design and adaptive evolution. BMC Biotechnol., 13, 110. 

Most work in yeast genetics has been performed with two species, Sac-char omyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. For a detailed description of the respective life cycles, see Mortimer and Manney in Volume 1 of this series. It must be pointed out that both organisms can be cultivated as haploids and, in the case of Sacch. cerevisiae, in stable diploid forms as well. Since there are a great variety of yeasts of the Saccharomyces type which do not behave in this ideal way, all genetic experiments should be performed with strains currently used by yeast geneticists. Such strains are physiologically dioecious (see Esser 2) for definition of this term), whereas many strains isolated from nature are self-compatible and haploid cells fuse uncontrollably to form diploids. Typically, Saccharomyces strains... 

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