Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitin

Gaughran JP, Lai MH, Kirsch DR, Silverman SJ. Nikkomycin Z is a specific inhibitor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitin synthase isozyme Chs3 in vitro and in vivo. J. Bacterial. 1994, 176, 5857-5860. 

Intein/chitin domain Saccharomyces cerevisiae/ Bacillus circulans 55 chitin... 

The main structural constituents of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell wall are glucans and mannans with a minor proportion of chitin (Walker 1998). Manno-proteins are located in the outer layer of the yeast cell wall and determine most of the surface properties of the wall. Vasserot et al. (1997) studied the capacity of yeast lees to adsorb anthocyanins in an attempt to reduce the detrimental effects of charcoal on the color of red musts and wines. Experiments based on model wine solutions revealed that yeast lees possess a greater affinity for anthocyanins than... 

The cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is made of mannoproteins bound to oligopolysaccharides which remain exposed on the outside of the cell. These mannoproteins are also bound to glucanos and chitin (Pretorius, 2000 Su z, 1997). The different polarities and the hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of these wall polymers define the capacity of yeast to retain or adsorb different wine molecules such as volatile compounds, tty acids or pigments (Vasserot et al, 1997). 

Trilla, J. A., Duran, A., and Roncero, C. (1999). Chs7p, a new protein involved in the control of protein export from the endoplasmic reticulum that is specifically engaged in the regulation of chitin synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Biol. 145, 1153-1163. 

A historical review of the development of our knowledge of the yeast cell wall was given by Phaff (I). Most information based on chemical studies has been derived, by far, from studies with cell walls from baker s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and closely related species. The principal components of Saccharomyces walls are several types of glucan and a mannan-protein complex which may contain variable proportions of phosphate. A low content of chitin (ca. 1% ) may be present depending on the number of times a cell has produced buds. The reason for this is that chitin is present only in the bud scars (ca. 3 pm2 in area) produced on the surface of a mother cell (2), each at a different place on the cell surface. 

Chitin is almost always found as crystalline microfibrils usually embedded in a matrix constituted of other polysaccharides. For example, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae(19), chitin is found in the form of microfibrils along with fibrilar (1-+3)-6-D-gl ucan. The latter is also found in other species as a matrix polysaccharide embedding the chitin microfibrils as in Schizophyl1 urn commune.(31) This composite material is also associated with (l>TJ-3-D-glucan to constitute the final cell wal1. 

Cabib E. Differential inhibition of chitin synthetases 1 and 2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by polyoxin D and nikkomycins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991, 35, 170-173. 

Chiew, Y.Y., Shepherd, M.G. Sullivan, P.A. (1980) Regulation of Chitin Synthesis During Germ-tube Formation in Candida albican. Archives of Microbiology, 125, 97-104 Cohen, R.E., Zhang, W-J. Ballou, C.E. (1982) Effects of Mannoprotein Mutations on Saccharomyces cerevisiae Core Oligosaccharide Structure , Journal of Biological Chemistry, 257, 5730-7... 

Preparation from UDP-f Hj-A-acetylj-D with chitin synthase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae... 

Kang M.S., Elango N., Mattie E., Au-Young J., Robbins P., and Cabib E. 1984. Isolation of chitin synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Purification of an enzyme by entrapment in the reaction product. J Biol Chem 259 14966 14972. 

Z. Holan, V. Pokorn, K. Beran, A. Gemperle, Z. Tuzar, J. Baldrian, The glucan-chitin complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae V. Precise location of chitin and glucan in bud scar and their physico-chemical characterization. Arch. Microbiol, 130,312-318,1981. 

The main sources of chitin in the diet are mainly the higher fungi that contain about 1% of chitin, such as cultivated common mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) (1.3-8.0% of dry matter) and shiitake mushrooms Lentinula edodes) containing 3.6-8.1% chitin in dry matter. Fermented soybeans and fermented rice used in the preparation of oriental foods contain chitin derived from moulds Aspergillus oryzae and A. sojae). Fungi contain up to 42% chitin (e.g. A. niger). Baker s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae) contains around 2.9% chitin, which becomes part of the baked products. 

Martin, H Dagkessamanskaia, A Satchanska, G Dallies, N Francois, J. KNR4, a suppressor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cwh mutants, is involved in the transcriptional control of chitin synthase genes. Microbiology-UK, 145 (Pt 1), 1999, 249-258. 

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