Agaricus bisporus

Agar-agar solution Agaricus bisporus Agaritine [2757-90-6]... 

In 1996, the first successful combination of an enzymatic with a nonenzymatic transformation within a domino process was reported by Waldmann and coworkers [6]. These authors described a reaction in which functionalized bicy-clo[2.2.2]octenediones were produced by a tyrosinase (from Agaricus bisporus) -catalyzed oxidation of para-substituted phenols, followed by a Diels-Alder reaction with an alkene or enol ether as dienophile. Hence, treatment of phenols such as 8-1 and an electron-rich alkene 8-4 in chloroform with tyrosinase in the presence of oxygen led to the bicyclic cycloadducts 8-5 and 8-6 in moderate to good yield (Scheme 8.1). It can be assumed that, in the first step, the phenol 8-1 is hydroxylated by tyrosinase, generating the catechol intermediate 8-2, which is then again oxidized enzy-... 

Soler-Rivas C, Moller AC, Arpin N, Olivier JM and Wichers HJ. 2000. Induction of tyrosinase mRNA in Agaricus bisporus upon treatment with a tolaasin preparation from Pseudomonas tolaasii. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 58 95-99. 

Waldmann et al. used tyrosinase which is obtained from Agaricus bisporus for the oxidation of phenols to give ortho-quinones via the corresponding catechols in the presence of oxygen (scheme 33).1881 A combination of this enzymatic-initiated domino process with a Diels-Alder reaction yields the functionalized bicyclic components 164 and 165 as a 33 1 mixture starting from simple p-methyl-phenol 160 in the presence of ethyl vinyl ether 163 as an electron rich dienophile via the intermediates 161 and 162 in an overall yield of 77%. 

Canned mushrooms were involved in many cases of botulism. It is suggested that Agaricus bisporus may induce C. botulinum spore germination due to oxygen consumption (Sugiyama and Yang, 1975). 

Agaricus bisporus Pleurotus ostreatus Trichoderma reesei Trichoderma spp. Schizophyllum commune Aspergillus awamori Aspergillus niger Tyromyces palustris Streptomyces flavogriseus Streptomyces olivochromogenes Streptomyces spp,... 

Umar MH, Van Griensven LJLD, Morphogenetic cell death in developing pri-mordia of Agaricus bisporus, Mycologia 9 174—177, 1997. 

Figure 12. A single hypha from an agar grown culture of C. versicolor showing labeling when the primary antisera was replaced with antisera to laccase from malt agar cultures of Agaricus bisporus. Magnification x 37,800. All bars, 1 pm. All tissue was unstained and consequently of low contrast.

CH2OH, COOH) are found in the mushroom Agaricus bisporus and are metabolized to arenediazonium ions and then to aryl radicals that form the 8-Ph-dG (X = H) adduets shown in Fig. 7. Aryl hydrazines are mutagenic in bacteria, ... 

Chen, X., Romaine, C. P., Ospina-Giraldo, M. D., and Royse, D. J. (1999). A polymerase chain reaction-based test for the identification of Trichoderma harzianum biotypes 2 and 4, responsible for the worldwide green mold epidemic in cultivated Agaricus bisporus. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 52, 246-250. 

Yong, G., Leone, C., and Strothkamp, K. G. (1990). Agaricus bisporus metapotyrosinase Preparation, characterization, and conversion to mixed-metal derivatives in the binu-clear site. Biochemistry 29, 9684—9690. 

Munger, K. Lerch, K. (1985). Copper metallothionein from the fungus Agaricus bisporus chemical and spectroscopic properties. Biochemistry 24, 6751-6. 

A quinone-dependent sugar oxidoreductase, purified from Agaricus bisporus, catalyzes C-2 and C-3 oxidation of D-glucose to o-arabino-hexos-2-ulose and preferentially to D-n fto-hexos-3-ulosc. The two aldoketoses accumulate transiently in the reaction mixture, being converted into the same end-product, D-eryt/zro-hexos-2,3-diulose. D-Galactose is oxidized exclusively at C-2 to produce D - /y.w - h c x o s - 2 - u 1 o s c.447 Fukui and Hochster448 prepared n-/vAo-hexos-3-ulose (219) by enzymic oxidation and hydrolysis of sucrose. 

I. Vole, P. Sedmera, P. Halada, V. Prikrylova, and G. Daniel, C-2 and C-3 Oxidation of D-glucose, and C-2 oxidation of D-galactose by pyranose dehydrogenase from Agaricus bisporus, Carbohydr. Res., 310 (1988) 151-156. 

The quaternary structure of tyrosinase differs depending on the species. The tyrosinase can be found in either latent or active form, and the activating conditions differ depending on the species. Tyrosinase from the mushroom Agaricus bisporus is a heterotetramer that is compound of two subunits of 43 kDa (H) and two subunits of 13 kDa (L), with a native molecular mass of 111 kDa, and contains four copper atoms [152, 153], The isolated subunits do not possess the enzymatic activity. Activation of the mushroom pro-tyrosinase can be effected by protease treatment [154] or by SDS [155], Mushroom has an isozyme of... 

Espin, J. C., van Leeuwen, J., and Wichers, H. J. (1999). Kinetic study of the activation process of a latent mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase by serine protease. J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 3509-3517. 

Table 8.6 PolyP content of spores and fruiting bodies of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus at various stages of development (Kulaev et al., 1960b), expressed as mg of P per g of dry biomass. 

M. S. Kritsky and I. S. Kulaev (1963). Acid-soluble nucleotides of the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (in Russian). Biokhimiya, 28, 694-698. 

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