Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall

Pardo M et al. A proteomic approach for the study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall biogenesis. Electrophoresis 2000 21 3396-3410. 

Investigation of a partially purified particulate gluean preparation from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls has expanded. Glucan is held re-sponsil le for most of the reticuloendothelial-stimulating properties of zymosan. The preparation was reported to activate macrophages as assessed by... 

P. Orlean, Architecture and biosynthesis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall. Genetics, 192, 775-818, 2012. 

Kapteyn, J. C., Montijn, R. C., Vink, E., De La Cruz, J., LlobeU, A., Douwes, J. E., Shlmof, H., Lipke, P. N. Kbs, F. M. (1996). Retention of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall proteins through a phosphodiester-linked beta-l,3-/beta-l,6-glucan heteropolymer. Glycobiology, 6, 337-345. 

Sierra, J. M., Sentandreu, R. and Villanueva, J. R. (1973) Regulation of wall synthesis during Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle. FEBS Lett. 34, 285-290. 

Fig. 2.6 The moqjhological events of sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (a) starved cell V, vacuole LG, lipid granule ER, endoplasmic reticulum CW, cell wall M, mitochondrion S, spindle pole SM, spindle microtubules N, nucleus NO, nucleolus, (b) Synaptonemal complex (SX) and development of polycomplex body (PB) along with division of spindle pole body in (c). (d) First meiotic division which is completed in (e). (f) Prepararation for meiosis II. (g) Enlargement of prospore wall, culminating in enclosure of separate haploid nuclei (h). (i) Spore coat (SC) materials produced and deposited, giving rise to the distinct outer spore coat (OSC) seen in the completed spores of the mature ascus (j). Reproduced from the review by Dickinson (1988) with permission from Blackwell Science Ltd.

Van Rinsum J., Klis EM. van den Ende H. (1991) Cell wall glucomannoproteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mnn9. Yeast, 7, 717-726. 

Intrinsic (natural, innate) resistance. In one form of intrinsic resistance, the fungal cell wall (see Chapter 2) is considered to present a barrier to exclude or, more likely, to reduce the penetration by biocide molecules. The evidence to date is sketchy but the available information tentatively links cell wall glucan, wall thickness and consequent relative porosity to the sensitivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to chlorhexidine. 

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Good secretion machinery Post-translational modifications Easy scale-up Selection procedure required Tendency to overglycosylation Thick cell wall complicates purification... 

Caro, L., Tettelin, H., Vossen, J., Ram, A., van den Ende, H., and Klis, F. (1997). In silico identification of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored plasma-membrane and cell wall proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 13, 1477—1489. 

Hamada, K., Terashima, H., Arisawa, M., and Kitada, K. (1998b). Amino acid sequence requirement for efficient incorporation of glycosylphosphtidylinositol-associated proteins into the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 26946—26953. 

Cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were found to contain a (1— 6)-linked j8-D-glucopyranan this was isolated, and identified by i.r. spectroscopy52 and chemical-analysis techniques.53 The alkali-in-soluble glucan from S. cerevisiae contains this and a (1— 3)-linked /3-d-glucopyranan in the ratio54 of 1 5.7. The former, of mol. wt. 2 x 105, has 6-0- and 3-O-substituted units in the ratio of 4.4 1, and contains 14% of 3,6-di-O-substituted units.55 (A similar heterogeneity occurred... 

The mannan and glycoprotein from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been extensively investigated by Ballou and coworkers.89 The mannan contains a (1— 6)-linked, a-D-mannopyranosyl... 

Other vital stains take advantage of different cellular properties which can be correlated with cellular physiology Propidium Iodide, Ethidium Bromide, Ethidium Monoazide, Calcofluor White have been widely used to indicate the presence of dead eukaryotes or prokaryotes cells. 2-(p-iodophenyl-)3)(p-nitro-phenyl)-5-phenyl tetrazolium chloride (INT) belongs to a class of stains which can be used to determine if a cell or hyphal compartments [180] can maintain an internal reducing environment (Fig. 20a). There are, however, still a large debate about the reliability of those techniques, depending upon the cells under consideration [181]. Calcofluor (Aex = 380 nm, Aem 420 nm) is a specific cell wall stain which enables to counts buds scars on Saccharomyces cerevisiae [29] to estimate the age of a cell. 

Piton, M., Charpentier, C., and Troton, D. (1988). Cell wall and lipid changes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during aging of champagne wine. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 39, 221-226. 

Charpentier, C., Nguyen Van Long, T., Bonaly, R., Feuillat, M. (1986). Alteration of cell wall structure in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus during autolysis. Appl. Microbiol. BiotechnoL, 24, 405 13. 

The main structural constituents of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell wall are glucans and mannans with a minor proportion of chitin (Walker 1998). Manno-proteins are located in the outer layer of the yeast cell wall and determine most of the surface properties of the wall. Vasserot et al. (1997) studied the capacity of yeast lees to adsorb anthocyanins in an attempt to reduce the detrimental effects of charcoal on the color of red musts and wines. Experiments based on model wine solutions revealed that yeast lees possess a greater affinity for anthocyanins than... 

The cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a structure of crossed molecules of /3-D-linked D-glucan, which gives the wall its strength and the cell its shape. This glucan is embedded in other polysaccharide(s) or in glycoprotein. Thus, yeast cell-walls consist mainly of polysaccharide, with relatively little protein, lipid, or min-... 

Pichia farinosa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae,374 and Schizosaccharo-myces pombe,374 37ea because of damage to the cell walls. 

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