Integrated weed management

To reduce weed seedbank using year-round integrated weed management practices and minimise early season weed growth (i.e. weed growth during the minimum weed-free period (MWFP), normally 4-6 weeks after planting). 

Buhler, D.D., J.L. Gunsolus, and D.F. Ralston (1992). Integrated weed management techniques to reduce herbicide inputs in soybean. Agmn. J., 84 973-978. 

Powles, S.B. and J.M. Matthews. (1992) Multiple herbicide resistance in annual rye grass (Lolium rigidum) A driving force for the adaption of integrated weed management. In L. Denholin, A. Devonshire, and D. Holloman, eds., Achievements and Developments in Combating Pest Resistance. London, UK Elsevier Press, pp. 1-13. 

Duke (1995) contended that resistant weeds have driven growers to develop and use integrated pest management (IPM) or integrated weed management (IWM) methods, such as biocontrol, cover crops, more crop and herbicide rotations, more selective use of herbicides, weed thresholds, etc. 

Buhler, D.D. (2002). Changes and opportunities for integrated weed management. Weed Sci., 50 273-280. 

Shaw, W.C. (1982). Integrated weed management systems technology for pest management. Weed Sci., 30( Suppl. 1) 2-12. 

Thill, D.C., J.M. Lish, R.H. Callihan, and E J. Bechinski (1991). Integrated weed management - a component of integrated pest management A critical review. Weed Technol., 5 648-656. 

Upadhyay, B.M., E.G. Smith, G.W. Clayton, K.N. Harker, and R.E. Blackshaw (2006). Economics of integrated weed management in herbicide-resistant canola. Weed Sci., 54 138-147. 

Forcella, F., R.P. King, S.M Swinton, D.D. Buhler, and J.L. Gunsolus (1996). Multi-year validation of a decision aid for integrated weed management in row crops. Weed Sci., 44 650-661. 

Klein, R.N., G.A. Wicks, and R.G. Wilson (1996). Ridge-till, an integrated weed management system. Weed Sci., 44 417 122. 

USDA NSTL (1993). Conventional vs. Alternative Fanning A Quantitative Comparison. Fourth Year Report. Ames, IA USDA. 31 pp. Vangessel, M.J., E.E. Schweizer, D.W. Lybecker, and P. Westra (1996). Integrated weed management systems for irrigated com (Zea mays) production in Colorado A case study. Weed Sci., 44 423 -28. 

Become familiar with integrated weed management (IWM) strategies. 

Si other control techniques in an integrated weed management system. Many... 

Integrated Weed Management System with Microorganisms... 

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