Rubidium atoms, reactions

To study the coherence and the decoherence problem in a mesoscopic frozen Rydberg gas, a variant of the Ramsey interference method has been proposed. The experiment has been performed for the rubidium atom by considering the reaction studied in reference [Anderson 1998 (b)],... 

Bernstein et al and Brooks et al applied the mentioned technique to direct studies of steric effects of oriented symmetric top molecules in reactions of CH3I with potassium and rubidium atoms, respectively ... 

Less attention has been paid to the reaction of cellulose with rubidium hydroxide and with cesium hydroxide. Heuser and Bartunek101 isolated adducts of rubidium hydroxide and of cesium hydroxide that had the general formula MOH 3 C Hi0Ot. Their studies showed that the concentration, in weight percent, of alkali metal hydroxide required for forming a stable adduct of the lowest alkali content increases with increase in the atomic weight of the metal Li < Na < K < Rb < Cs. However, on a molar basis, this relationship does not hold. No simple relationship exists between the size of cation and the concentration of hydroxide necessary for the formation of a stable adduct. 

The trapped electrons were formed simply by depositing alkali metal atoms on ice or solid alcohols at 77°K. Studies were made of the reactions between sodium or potassium atoms and ice (HgO or D2O), methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol or dodecanol. The reactions of caesium, rubidium and lithium with ice were also investigated. The deposits were highly coloured and the optical and e.s.r. spectra showed that the electron was no longer associated with the alkali metal ion but had been transferred completely to the solid matrix. 

The atomic number of the nucleus decreases by one as a consequence of electron capture. The formation of the neutron also results in an X-ray photon being emitted. These two characteristics of electron capture can be seen in the electron capture of rubidium-81 shown in Figure 25-10. The balanced nuclear equation for the reaction is shown below. 

D5° = -162.54, -181.12, -186.14, -184.72, -191.08 J K The entropy changes in these reactions become increasingly negative with increasing atomic mass, except that the rubidium reaction is out of line. 

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