ROUND function

Program 4.13 Using the ROUND Function with Floating-Point Comparisons... 

You should read Technical Support Note TS-230 Dealing with Numeric Representation Error in SAS Applications to learn more about SAS floating-point numbers and storage precision in SAS. Another good resource for rounding issues is Ron Cody s SAS Functions by Example (SAS Press, 2004). In short, whenever you perform comparisons on numbers that are not integers, you should consider using the ROUND function. 

Strands of this material would not burn in the inert atmosphere of the Crawford type bomb, but they burned in air at 70°F at the rate of 0.023" per second. This compared with a burning rate for H9 propellant of 0.097 /sec at 1 atm and 0.36"/sec,at 1000 psi 70°F This cast cellulose acetate material has been employed for end restricting 8W and 20" diameter perforated cast OGK grains and thermally cycled JATO motors at -65, +70, +165°F. No cracks or separations of the cast acetate restrictions were observed but some softening and deformation was noted. after conditioning at +165°F. These rounds functioned satisfactorily when fired at either -65 or +165°F... 

Decimal Rounding Function ROUND Eunction ROUND Eunction ROUND... 

Define two columns as the number of degrees of freedom, df, and the number of experiments n. In the first cells type 5 below df and =ROUND((TINV(0.05, A21) B 17/ B 16)A2,0) below n. This expression is equation 2.14, where A21 refers to df and A2 squares the function. The rounding function with syntax ROUND(number, decimal places) rounds the answer to a prescribed number of decimal places. In this case, because you cannot do half experiments,... 

Column G is the column that rounds data to three digits so that it can be counted properly by Excel. You should copy and paste the function in column G so that every metric is rounded. If you have 1,000 reference sequences this would mean you would copy and paste the round function down to line 1001. 

In fig. 2 an ideal profile across a pipe is simulated. The unsharpness of the exposure rounds the edges. To detect these edges normally a differentiation is used. Edges are extrema in the second derivative. But a twofold numerical differentiation reduces the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of experimental data considerably. To avoid this a special filter procedure is used as known from Computerised Tomography (CT) /4/. This filter based on Fast Fourier transforms (1 dimensional FFT s) calculates a function like a second derivative based on the first derivative of the profile P (r) ... 

Moult J, T Hubbard, K Fldelis and J T Pedersen 1999. Critical Assessment of Methods of Protein Structure Prediction (CASP) Round III. Proteins Structure, Function and Genetics Suppl. 3 2-6. 

Now roll up the Carius tube (while still in a vertical position) in a strip of ordinary thick drying paper, and then place it in the heavy iron protector tube if the Carius tube is too short and tends to disappear within the iron tube, a short section of old glass tubing should first be placed in the iron tube so that the capillary of the Carius tube just projects. The function of the paper is to protect the Carius tubing from being scratched, and also (more important) to prevent the local overheating which would otherwise occur at places where the Carius tube is in direct contact with the iron tube. The sealed tube, throughout its manipulation, should be left as nearly vertical as possible, so that the contents do not leave the rounded end. 

The saturation magnetization, J), is the (maximum) magnetic moment per unit of volume. It is easily derived from the spia configuration of the sublattices eight ionic moments and, hence, 40 ]1 per unit cell, which corresponds to = 668 mT at 0 K. This was the first experimental evidence for the Gorter model (66). The temperature dependence of J) (Fig. 7) is remarkable the — T curve is much less rounded than the usual BdUouia function (4). This results ia a relatively low J) value at RT (Table 2) and a relatively high (—0.2%/° C) temperature coefficient of J). By means of Mitssbauer spectroscopy, the temperature dependence of the separate sublattice contributions has been determined (68). It appears that the 12k sublattice is responsible for the unusual temperature dependence of the overall J). 

Values rounded off from Chappell and Cockshutt, Nat. Res. Counc. Can. Rep. NRC LR 759 (NRC No. 14300), 1974. This source tabulates values of seven thermodynamic functions at 1-K increments from 200 to 2200 K in SI units and at other increments for two other unit systems. An earlier report (NRC LR 381, 1963) gives a more detailed description of an earlier fitting from 200 to 1400 K. In the above table h = specific enthalpy, kj/kg, and = logio for m isentrope. In terms of... 

For determining in solid or hollow round sections it is essential to first determine the self geometric mean distance, of the conductors which varies with the thickness / (annulus) of the conductor, approaches its outer radius, ri. in an infinitely thin conductor and to O.TTSri in a solid bar. This variation, in the form of D lr is drtiwn in Figure 28.21, as a function of r,// . 

T) This refoB to componeolB eaa be usembled the wrong way round to 1he detriment of 1he product function, but may not be obvious to the product... 

Figure 4.20 Values of stress concentration factor, Kt, as a function of radius, r, with 3a limits for a circumferentially notched round bar in tension [d A/(0.5, 0.00266) inches, = 0.00333 inches] (adapted from Haugen, 1980)...

The basic terminology of fiber-reinforced composite laminates will be introduced in the following paragraphs. For a lamina, the configurations and functions of the constituent materials, fibers and matrix, will be described. The characteristics of the fibers and matrix are then discussed. Finally, a laminate is defined to round out this introduction to the characteristics of fiber-reinforced composite laminates. 

As previously with round tubes, the problem becomes one of representing A and C. Simple power functions have been found adequate (M3), and the appropriate expressions are... 

The computer-optimized y values obtained for a number of conditions are given in Table VI. It can be seen that the first condition assumes simple power functions only and a value for B strictly in compliance with Eq. (18). The rms error achieved is good, but marked improvements are obtained by relaxing the equations for A and B in stages, as shown, the final result giving a much better rms error. It was not necessary in the analysis to separate the data into low- and high-velocity regimes, as was the case for round-tube data, since the lowest mass velocity is not so low as to cause difficulty. 

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