Rotating bottle apparatus

Over the years, dissolution testing has expanded beyond ordinary tablets and capsules—first to extended-release and delayed-release (enteric-coated) articles, then to transder-mals, multivitamin and minerals products, and to Class Monographs for non-prescription drug combinations. (Note at the time, sustained-release products were being tested, unofficially, in the NF Rotating Bottle apparatus). 

Esbelin B, Beyssac E, Aiache JM, Shiu GK, Skelly JP. A new method of dissolution in vitro, the Bio-Dis apparatus comparison with the rotating bottle method and in vitro in vivo correlations. J Pharm Sci 1991 80(10) 991. 

Procedure Transfer 50.0 mL of the Substrate Solution into each of four 125-mL Sample Bottles. Place the bottles on the Bottle-Rotating Apparatus, and suspend the apparatus in a water bath, maintained at 30° 0.5°, so that the bottles are at an angle of approximately 20° to 30° to the horizontal. Immerse the bottles so that the water level in the bath is about equal to the substrate level in the bottles. Begin rotating the apparatus at 16 to 18 rpm, then add 1.0 mL of the Sample Preparation to each of two bottles, and record the exact time of addition. Add 1.0 mL of the Standard Preparation to each of the other two bottles, recording the exact time. 

Roller/rotator bottle culture apparatus (B.T.C. Engineering, Milton, Cambridge, UK). 

Fit up the apparatus shown in Fig. 64. It consists of a large wide-necked bottle, in which the ammonia solution is placed The solution is stirred by a mechanical stirrer, rotated by means of a water-turbine. The solution of the chloracetic acid in 50 c.c. water, is dropped in from a tap-funnel. After standing 24 hours the liquid is poured into a flask, and the C lcess of ammonia is removed by passing in a current of steam, and evaporating at the same time on the water-bath until the last traces of ammonia disappear. The solution now contains gly-... 

The Wheaton roller apparatus comes in modular form. The base unit holds the drive and will roll 5 bottles. Up to 8 additional decks can be added to allow rotation of up to 45 bottles. Also available is an alarm system which gives warning of rotational failure, and an auxiliary battery system which will enable the apparatus to operate for up to 48 h in the absence of an electricity supply. 

Various other procedures have been devised to increase the surface area within a vessel upon which cells may grow. The problem is always to maintain an adequate supply of nutrients including oxygen and to remove waste products, particularly acid. The New Brunswick Scientific Co. (Appendix 3) produces a piece of apparatus which continuously perfuses roller bottles by means of a rotating cap through which the various feed tubes pass. 

Bottle-Rotating Apparatus Use a suitable assembly, designed to rotate at a rate of 16 to 18 rpm. 

A confluent flask should be washed twice in sterile PBS and the cells trypsinized in 10 ml of trypsin/EDTA solution. Transfer the cells into the roller bottle at a density of 1.5 x lO /cm and in a final volume of 400 ml complete medium. Charge the bottle with sterile filtered 5% C02/95% air and place at 37°C on a roller apparatus at a rotation speed of 0.5 rpm. After 2 days the bottle should be confluent. At this point replace the medium with 200 ml complete medium containing 2 vciM thymidine and incubate for a further 11 hr in order to accumulate cells in S phase. This 11-hr thymidine block is most conveniently carried out overnight. 

The apparatus for the cold extraction bottle rotation machine method, also known as the rotary bottle extraction method, consists of metal bottles and a machine capable of rotating the bottles. 

A simple way of culturing anchorage-dependent animal cells, and stem cells in particular, under dynamic conditions is provided by roller bottles systems (Kunitake et al., 1997 Mitaka, 2002). Cell culture in roller bottles consists of placing multiple cylindrical bottles (250-2000 mL) into an apparatus that will rotate the bottles at rotational speeds of 5-60 rph (ECACC/Sigma-Aldrich, 2010). The entire internal surface of the bottle is used for cell growth. With this system, the cells are more efficiently oxygenated due to alternative exposure to the medium and the gas phase. Apparatus are available to... 

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