Rosin emulsification

Hydrocarbon resins, rosin, rosin ester, coumarone indene resins, and terpene resins can be directly added to solvent-borne adhesives. For latex adhesives, resin emulsification must be produced before addition. 

Soluble cutting oils are mineral oils containing 10 to 50% emulsifiers such as sodium petroleum sulfonates, sodium naphthenates, or sodium rosinates. These compounds allow emulsification of 5 parts or less of the oil in 95 parts or more of water. The emulsion acts as a coolant and, to some extent, as a lubricant (11). 

The aspects relevant to the use of rosin as such, or one of the derivatives arising from its appropriate chemical modification as monomer or comonomer [12-14], have to do with the synthesis of a variety of materials based on polycondensations and polyaddition reactions of structures bearing such moieties as primary amines, maleimides, epoxies, alkenyls and, of course, carboxylic acids. These polymers find applications in paper sizing, adhesion and tack, emulsification, coatings, drug delivery and printing inks. 

Metallic sulfonates, such as sodium sulfonate, are often used as emulsifiers in both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. Other emulsifiers used include ethylene oxide condensation products and derivatives of polyhydroxy alcohols such as sorbitol and sulfosuccinates for water-in-oil emulsions. For oil-in-water emulsions, soaps of fatty acids, rosins, or naphthenic acids are often used as emulsifiers. In either application, the role of emulsifiers is to change the interfacial tension at the water and oil interface. In cases where emulsification with water is undesirable, demulsifiers are used. Frequently, the demulsifiers are heavy metal soaps, such as alkaline earth sulfonates. These surfactants function by lowering emulsion stability. 

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