River rare earth elements

Goldstein, S.J., and Jacobsen, S.B. (1988) Rare earth elements in river waters. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 89, 35-47. 

Whitford, D.J., Korsch, M.J., Orritt, PM. and Craven, S.J. (1988) Rare-earth element mobility around the volcanogenic polymetallic massive sulfide deposit at Que River, Tasmania, Australia. Chem. Geol, 8, 105-112,... 

Hsi C, Langmuir D (1985) Adsorphon of uranyl onto ferric oxyhydroxides applications of the surface complexation site-binding model. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49 1931-1941 Ingri J, Widerlund A, Land M, Gustafsson O, Anderson P, Ohlander B (2000) Temporal variation in the fractionation of the rare earth elements in a boreal river the role of colloidal particles. Chem Geol 166 23-45... 

Fig. 1. Rare earth element plots of uncontaminated rivers. Samples marked with circles are from Bau et al. (2006) and those with triangles from Bau Dulski (1996). Samples marked with squares are from this study.

Lawrence, M.G., Jupiter, S.D., Kamber, B. S. 2006. Aquatic geochemistry of the rare earth elements and yttrium in the Pioneer River catchment, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research, 57, 725-736. 

Nozaki, Y., Lerche, D., Alibo, D.S., Snidvongs, A. 2000. The estuarine geochemistry of rare earth elements and indium in the Chao Phraya River, Thailand. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64, 3983-3994. 

In addition, there exist a multitude of different applications in water analysis by ICP-MS for environmental control. For example, Lawrence et cdP determined rare earth element concentrations in natural waters (these are river, lake, sea or groundwater) by quadrupole ICP-MS using external calibration and employed river water reference material SLRS-4 to validate the analytical data. The speciation of yttrium and lanthanides in water samples by SEC-ICP-MS was studied by Haraguchi et a/.18 whereby the detection of La, Ce and Pr corresponded to the occurrence of large organic molecules. 

Sholkovitz, E.R. (1993) The geochemistry of rare Earth elements in the Amazon river estuary. Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta 57, 2181-2190. 

Sholkovitz, E.R. (1995) The aquatic chemistry of rare Earth elements in rivers and estuaries. Aquat. Chem. 1, 1-34. 

Several other minerals were observed in this sample of Green River shale, include several phosphorus (P)-containing minerals, possibly in the form of apatite or fluoroapatite. Certain rare earth elements—cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), praseodymium (Pr)— were found in some of the calcium phosphate regions. Phosphorus has ben detected as a trace constituent of Green River shales, and has been postulated to exist as apatite although it has not been identified by x-ray diffraction (8). 

Deberdt S., Viers J., and Dupre B. (2002) New iusights about the rare earth elements (REE) mobihty in river waters. Bull. Soc. Geol. France 173(n°2), 147-160. 

Elderfield H., UpstiU-Goddard R., and Sholkovitz E. R. (1990) The rare earth element in rivers, estuaries, and coastal seas and their significance to the composition of ocean waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54, 971—991. 

Keasler K. M. and Loveland W. D. (1982) Rare earth elemental concentrations in some Pacific Northwest rivers. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 61, 68-72. 

Shiller A. M. (2002) Seasonality of dissolved rare earth elements in the lower Mississippi River. Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 3(11), 1068. 

Tricca A., Stille P., Steinmann M., Kiefel B., Samuel J., and Eikenberg J. (1999) Rare earth elements and Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of dissolved and suspended loads from small river systems in the Vosges mountains (France), the river Rhien and groundwater. Chem. Geol. 160, 139-158. 

Zhang C., Wang L., Zhang, S., and Li X. (1998) Geochemistry of rare earth elements in the mainstream of the Yangtze river, China. Appl. Geochem. 13, 451—462. 

Authigenic Deposits. Carbon Cycle. Cenozoic Climate - Oxygen Isotope Evidence. Cenozoic Oceans - Carbon Cycle Models. Cosmogenic Isotopes. Mid-Ocean Ridge Geochemistry and Petrology. Rare Earth Elements and their Isotopes in the Ocean. River Inputs. Stable Carbon Isotope Variations in the Ocean. Uranium-Thorium Series Isotopes in Ocean Profiles. 

Cenozoic Climate - Oxygen Isotope Evidence. Hydrothermal Vent Deposits. Rare Earth Elements and their Isotopes in the Ocean. River Inputs. 

Concentrations of rare earth elements In average seawater and average river water normalized to NASC The data are given in Table 4.6, columns 9 and 10. Normalizing values are from Table 4.6 column 5. Note that the concentrations in seawater and river wamr are quoted in mol and must in this case be multiplied by the atomic weight. Concentrations shown are X 10". ... 

Hoyle J., Elder field H., Gledhill A. and Greaves M., 1984, The behaviour of the rare-earth elements during the mixing of river and sea waters. Ceochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48, 143-149. 

Mckelveyite has been described by Milton et al. from the fresh water lake beds of the Green River formation in Wyoming, U.S.A. The occurrences are in a uranium district, but are not associated with other uranium minerals. It is a unique carbonate as it contains significant quantities of rare-earth elements and may be related to rhapdophane. It does occur with another rare-earth mineral burbankite. Donnay and Donnay showed that mckelveyite was intergrown with ewaldite, another carbonate with a trace of uranium included. Donnay and Preston reported a structure for ewaldite. 

The tabulation of published data on the concentration of rare earth elements and the Nd isotopic composition of natural waters is published separately in a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Technical Report (Sholkovitz 1996). In this Handbook article these data tables will be referred to as tables A1 through A14. These A tables include data for rivers, estuaries, seawater, enclosed basins, anoxic basins, pore waters and hydrothermal waters. The tabulated data are also contained on Microsoft Excel files included on a disk as part of the Technical Report. Readers can receive a copy of the Technical Report by writing to the following address ... 

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