Ribonucleic acid probes

Rhovanil fine mesh vanillin, 25 550, 552 Rhovanil free flow vanillin, 25 550 Ribbon silicon, 23 40-41 Ribbon Thermal Shock Test, 21 513 Ribbon-type mixers, 16 719-720 in bar soap manufacture, 22 751 Riboflavin, 25 796-797 Ribonucleic acid probes, 14 153 Ribonucleic acids (RNAs), 12 449 ... 

Nucleic acid (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)) probes utilize labeled, ie, radioactive, enzymatic, or fluorescent, fragments of DNA or RNA (the probe) to detect complimentary DNA or RNA sequences in a sample. Because the probe is tailored for one specific nucleic acid, these assays are highly specific and very sensitive (45). 

Childs, C.V., Lloyd, J.M., Unabia, C., Gharib, S.D., Wierman, M.E., and Chin, W.W. (1987) Detection of luteinizing hormone b messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) in individual gonadotropes after castration Use of a new in situ hybridization method with a photobiotinylated complementary RNA probe. Mol. Endocrinol. 1, 926-932. 

Nucleation sites, in ferrosilicon, 22 516 Nucleation track membranes, 15 802 Nucleic acid bases, recognition of, 16 794 Nucleic Acid Database (NDB), 17 606 Nucleic acid probe assays, 16 380. See also DNA analysis Nucleic acid probes, 14 153 Nucleic acids, 17 602-643 20 444-447. See also Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Ribonucleic acid (RNA)... 

Blot overlays include the probing of membrane with various molecules to detect the presence of specific binding domains, for example, with guanine triphosphate (25,26) or proteoglycans (27). In the Southern or North Western blotting, the membrane is probed with deoxyribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid molecules to detect nucleic-acid binding proteins (28). 

Northern blot The technique by which molecules of ribonucleic acid (RNA) are separated by gel electrophoresis, transferred to a membrane support, and incubated with labeled oligonucleotide probes. Specificity is obtained by using ohgonucleotide probes that have sequences complementary to the target RNA. 

For enzyme-based biosensors the mode of detection is based on the catalytic activity and/or binding capacity. Because of the protein nature of almost all enzymes, the catalytic activity depends on the conformation. Exceptions are catalytic ribonucleic acids called DNA biosensors or genosensors. DNA fragments are used as probes for detecting low concentrations of DNA in large samples (see also Part I, Chapters 2 and 3). Because of the highly diluted DNA concentration, microelectromechanical systems which are able of performing PCRs are employed. 

M. EgH, G. Minasov, V. Tereshko, P. S. Pallan, M. Teplova, G. B. Inamati, E. A. Lesnik, S. R. Owens, B. S Ross, T. R Prakash and M. Manoharan, Probing the influence of stereoelectronic effects on the biophysical properties of oligonucleotides comprehensive analysis of the RNA affinity, nuclease resistance, and crystal structure of ten 2 -O-ribonucleic acid modifications. Biochemistry, 2005,44, 9045-9057 (pdb lwv5). 

Methods to study the biosynthesis of RNA in living cells, their intracellular transport, subcellular localization, and degradation are of great interest for understanding cellular networks and their malfunction [1-3] during diseases. Here, we describe the live cell RNA imaging with peptide nucleic acid-based FIT forced intercalation probes that enabled a simultaneous localization of two viral messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) molecules. 

An appropriate approach to study the impact of LC-PUFAs on development would be to assess the animals for evidence of adequate synaptogenesis, myelin biochemistry, and myelin quantity. More specific probes for the effects of these ingredients on regulation of myelina-tion (e.g., microtubule associated protein-2 or synaptophysin messenger ribonucleic acid) would represent targeted approaches to potential physiological processes likely to be affected by LC-PUFAs. 

Phosphorus-NMR spectroscopy alone among other spectroscopic probes can provide detailed conformational information on the phosphate ester bon in the transfer ribonucleic adds. In this Chapter, an attempt first is made to assign some of these tRNA P-NMR signals. These assigned signals are then used to probe the solution conformation and dynamics of the tRNA ribose phosphate backbone. Finally, conformational changes resulting from the interaction of the tRNA with metal ions, polyvalent cations, and a complementary nucleic acid are analyzed. 

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