Retinal nitric oxide synthase

Klocker, N., Cellerino, A., and Bahr, M. (1998). Free radical scavenging and inhibition of nitric oxide synthase potentiates the neurotrophic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on axotomized retinal ganglion cells in vivo.J. Neurosci. 18, 1038—1046. 

Complementary to vascular compromise and mechanically impaired axoplasmic flow, additional pathogenic mechanisms (Figures 30.3 30.4) that underlie glaucomatous optic neuropathy include excitotoxic damage from excessive retinal glutamate, peroxynitrite toxicity from increased nitric oxide synthase activity, immune-media ted nerve damage, and oxidative stress (Naskar and Dreyer, 2001). 

Neufeld AH, Sawada A, Becker B (1999) Inhibition of nitric-oxide synthase 2 by aminognanidine provides neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells in a rat model of chronic glaucoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 9944-9948. 

Koeberle PD, Ball AK. 1999. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition delays axonal degeneration and promotes the survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells. Exp Neurol 158 366-381. 

Neufeld AH, Kawai S, Das S, Vora S, Gachie E, et al. 2002. Loss of retinal ganglion cells following retinal ischemia The role of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Exp Eye Res 75 521-528. 

Goureau, O., Lepoivre, M., Becquet, F., and Courtois, Y. (1993). Differential regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase by fibroblast growth factors and transforming growth factor beta in bovine retinal pigmented epithelial cells Inverse correlation with cellular proliferation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 4276-4280. 

Chakravarthy U, Hayes RG, Stitt AW, McAuley E, Archer DB. Constitutive nitric oxide synthase expression in retinal vascular endothelial cells is suppressed by high glucose and advanced glycation end products. Diabetes 1998 47 945-952. 

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