Resveratrol vascular effects

The effect with which PPT modulate the response of platelets is also pertinent to vascular disease, in particular, thrombosis. Resting platelets inhibit the respiratory burst of neutrophils whereas thrombin-activated platelets increase the respiratory burst. Quercetin and resveratrol at picomolar concentrations attenuate this response by preserving endothelial CD39/ATP-dase," " and on present evidence (see above) such concentrations might be achieved locally following deglucuronidation at a site of inflammation. 

The effective half-life of resveratrol is reported to be relatively short. Recent work by Soleas et al. [27] indicates that, following oral administration, the concen tration of trans-resveratrol in blood and serum peaked very rapidly in rats. However, its metabolites appear to be more slowly metabolized, and 50-75% of total trarrs-resveratrol seemed to be absorbed in vivo [27]. Another group showed that plasma levels of resveratrol in rabbits, rats, and mice peaked within minutes following intravenous or oral administration (20 mg/kg) [33]. Vascular tissue levels followed plasma levels but were low. Most of the resveratrol measured was found in the trans form and was rapidly metabolized by hepatocytes [33]. In contrast, the pharmacokinetics of the aglycone and glucuronide forms of tra/rs-resveratrol were studied following intravenous or oral administration to rats. As was observed by others, plasma concentrations of resveratrol peaked and then declined rapidly however, a second increase in plasma concentration... 

Proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is one of the hallmarks of atherosclerosis. Red wine polyphenols hinder the proliferation and migration of cultured SMCs stimulated by growth factors through inhibition of PI3K activity and p38 (MAPK) phosphorylation.In support, resveratrol reversibly arrests VSMC proliferation in early S phase of the cycle. Recent studies on SMCs demonstrate the anti-atherogenic actions of resveratrol via its ability to inhibit the autocrine secretion and the mitogenic effects of endothelin-... 

It is well known that drinking wine and grape juices will reduce cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular risks due to the presence of resveratrol. As a natural antioxidant, resveratrol is able to prevent LDL oxidation, scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species, lower the oxidative stress, and induce NO synthesis. Resveratrol modulates various aspects of cardiovascular diseases and is effective against atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia reperfusion injury and heart failure, and many other cardiac dysfunctions [111]. 

Dal-Ros S, Bronner C, Schott C, Kane MO, Chataigneau M, Schini-Kerth VB, Chataigneau T (2009) Angiotensin U-induced h5 rtension is associated with a selective inhibition of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated responses in the rat mesenteric artery. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 328(2) 478 86. doi 10.1124/jpet.l08.145326 Rakici O, Kiziltepe U, Coskun B, Aslamaci S, Akar F (2005) Effects of resveratrol on vascular tone and endothelial function of human saphenous vein and internal mammary artery. Int J Cardiol 105(2) 209-215... 

Gresele, P., Cerletti, C., Guglielmini, G., Pignatelli, P., de Gaetano, G., and Violi, F. 2011. Effects of resveratrol and other wine polyphenols on vascular function an update. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 22 201—211. 

Labinskyy N, Csiszar A, Veress G, Stef G, Pacher P, Oroszi G, Wu J, Ungvari Z. Vascular dysfunction in aging potential effects of resveratrol, an anti-inflammatory phytoestrogen. Curr Med Chem. 2006 13 989-96. 

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