Restricted influence

Figure 1.8 Some basic neuronal systems. The three different brain areas shown (I, II and III) are hypothetical but could correspond to cortex, brainstem and cord while the neurons and pathways are intended to represent broad generalisations rather than recognisable tracts. A represents large neurons which have long axons that pass directly from one brain region to another, as in the cortico spinal or cortico striatal tracts. Such axons have a restricted influence often only synapsing on one or a few distal neurons. B are smaller inter or intrinsic neurons that have their cell bodies, axons and terminals in the same brain area. They can occur in any region and control (depress or sensitise) adjacent neurons. C are neurons that cluster in specific nuclei and although their axons can form distinct pathways their influence is a modulating one, often on numerous neurons rather than directly controlling activity, as with A . Each type of neuron and system uses neurotransmitters with properties that facilitate their role...

Diffusion is not straightforward inside the resin phase, and this is due to the restrictive influences of the polymer network and because of the charge distribution connected with the fixed ions of the functional groups. The resin phase is consequently related to a porous solid. The effectual diffusivities of metal ions in the resin phase may differ but are largely less than those in the aqueous phase external to the resin phase. If Fick s law is applied to diffusion in a resin bead of radius, r, it may be represented as... 

One important restriction set by the analyst and his instruments is already mentioned, the limits size of samples. Other restrictions influencing the act of sampling are the accuracy of the method of analysis, the limit of detection and the sensitivity. These analytical parameters set an upper limit on the information that can be obtained. 

Other factors that influence the phytoplankton stock cannot be addressed here. Gargas et al. (1978) concluded from the restricted influence of light, temperature, and nutrients on the photosynthetic efficiency that phytoplankton growth is modified by the different individual physiological behavior and the different grazing pressure. 

For a polymer, the above type of steric interactions occur at a local level in short sequences of chain segments, the conformation about a given chain segment being, however, dependent upon the conformations about the segments on either side to which it is directly coimected. Such interdependent steric restrictions influence the local chain conformations all along the polymer chain and thus affect its shape and size. 

Fujimoto, M., Tsuneyama, K., Nakanishi, Y. et al. A dietary restriction influences the progression but not the initiation of MSG-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 

These restrictions influence the presence of elements in the molecular formula, while... 

SAXS was run during the stress-strain evaluations of the samples. The presence of montmorillonite in the PP apparently prevents the change in the order of the PP crystals to the direction of the applied stress. This behavior is consistent with the restrictive influence of montmorillonite in forming a constrained polymer region around the montmorillonite as discussed in Chapter 4 on barrier performance. 

The restrictive influence of Article 6 has pervaded more than six decades where liberalization of market access in air transport has been stifled through bilateral negotiations between States who have flittered between pre determination of capacity and definition of market share. The result has been the progressive imbalance of the market and the gradual realization that the current bUateral structure is a hindrance to liberalization of air transport. For their part, States are trying to figure out how to liberalize the market. 

The ortho- and meto-isomers are bulkier than the para-iaomer and diffuse less readily in the zeolite pores. The transport restriction favours their conversion into the /lara-isomer, which is fonned in excess of the equilibrium concentration. Because the selectivity is transport influenced, it is dependent on the path length for transport, which is the length of the zeolite crystallites. 

Of course, these shortcomings of the Wakao-Smith flux relations induced by the use of equations (8.7) and (8.8) can be removed by replacing these with the corresponding dusty gas model equations, whose validity is not restricted to isobaric systems. However, since the influence of a strongly bidisperse pore size distribution can now be accounted for more simply within the class of smooth field models proposed by Feng and Stewart [49], it is hardly worthwhile pursuing this."... 

Every method, with the exception of imaging technologies, provides the measurement of an equivalent spherical diameter in one form or another. The spherical diameter information can be deduced indirectiy from the behavior of the particles passing through restricted volumes or channels under the influence of gravity or centrifugal force fields, and from interaction with many forms of radiation. 

Regulations have a significant impact on the selection and use of industrial solvents. Since 1966, new and more restrictive regulations have been adopted at both the federal and the state levels, which influence the kind of solvents used, the amount used, and the way they are used. Regulations have given impetus to the development of new technologies and products which decrease solvent emissions to minimise environmental impact. 

A finite time is required to reestabUsh the ion atmosphere at any new location. Thus the ion atmosphere produces a drag on the ions in motion and restricts their freedom of movement. This is termed a relaxation effect. When a negative ion moves under the influence of an electric field, it travels against the flow of positive ions and solvent moving in the opposite direction. This is termed an electrophoretic effect. The Debye-Huckel theory combines both effects to calculate the behavior of electrolytes. The theory predicts the behavior of dilute (<0.05 molal) solutions but does not portray accurately the behavior of concentrated solutions found in practical batteries. 

Phthalocyanine Dyes. These days are synthesized as the metal complex on the textile fiber from, eg, phthalonittile and metal salts. A print paste typicaUy contains phthalonittile dissolved in a suitable solvent and nickel or copper salts. During a heat or steam fixation of 3—5 min, the dye is formed. The color range is restricted to blue and green shades and can be influenced to some extent by the choice of metal salt. A hot acid bath during afterscouting completes the process. 

Fuel vapor pressure, or Reid vapor pressure (RVP) is predominantiy influenced by the amount of C-4 in the fuel. California, other of the United States, and the EPA have or are restricting fuel RVP for both seasonal and areas (latitude). These restrictions greatiy reduce all gasoline evaporative losses. 

Permeability Bulk sohd permeability is important in the iron and steel industiy where gas-solid reactions occur in the sinter plant and blast furnace. It also strongly influences compac tion processes where entrapped gas can impede compaction, and solids-handling equipment where restricted gas flow can impede product flowabihty. The permeabihty of a granular bed is inferred from measured pressure drop under controlled gas-flow conditions. 

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