Responsiveness achieving

The term intrinsic activity (ia) was defined as a measure of the abiUty of the dmg—receptor complex to generate response. When ia = 1, a full agonist is defined when ia = 0, an antagonist is defined. Thus, values 0 < ia < 1 define partial agonists as follows, where R is the response to dmg and R is the maximum response achieved. 

Hence the value of the equation time constant, x, is simply determined as the time at which the response achieves sixty three per cent of its eventual steady-state value, when following a step change disturbance to the system. 

Liposomal drugs have been suggested to be the magic bullet of cancer therapy due to their ability to accumulate selectively in the tumour. The problem remains that not all cancers and patients respond in the same way. The drug actually delivered to the required site of action plays an important role in the response achieved, while the potential toxicity of the surface modified liposomes in the macrophage system have to be taken into account on chronic administration. 

If the antihypertensive effect using once-daily dosing is inadequate, a twice-a-day regimen at the same total daily dose or an increase in dose may give a more satisfactory response. Achievement of maximum blood pressure (BP) reduction in most patients may take 2 to 3 weeks. 

Based on these presumptions, during the past decade we have tested in two prospective Phase I-II clinical trials the role of concurrent chemo-RT as the primary therapy in LABC. In both trials pretreatment biopsies of the tumor were included in the study design to explore correlations between original molecular markers and the extent of pathological response achieved at surgery, after chemo-RT. 

Hypocalcemia tetany IV (calcium chloride) Ig, may repeat in 6 hours. IV (calcium gluconate) l-3g until therapeutic response achieved. 

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) PO Initially, 2.5-5 mg l-2times/day. Increase by 5 mg/day at weekly intervals until therapeutic response achieved. Appetite suppressant PO 5 mg daily, given 30 min before meals. Extended-Release... 

Chronic, stable angina pectoris PO Initially, lOOmg/dayassingleordivided dose.Increase at weekly (or longer) intervals. Maintenance 100 50 mg/day. PO (Extended-Release) Initially 100 mg/day as single dose. May increase at least at weekly intervals until optimum clinical response achieved. Maximum 200 mg/day. 

Estrogen receptors are part of the family of nuclear receptors that share many common properties. In fact, in addition to ligand-induced specific changes of the ER structure (Brzozowski et al., 1997), target-cell specific factors play a major role in determining the final conformation of the ER-ligand complex and the response achieved. 

At Time 3 the compensatory response achieves its maximum increase over controls at the low dose. At high doses a complete compensatory response is not achieved. As time progresses the low dose stimulatory response may be expected to return to the control value. 

Corn-based foods followed by fumonisin B2 (FB2).The problems and risks associated with fumonisin contamination have resulted in the development of precise, reliable and sensitive methods for its determination in corn and corn-based foods (Magan Olsen, 2004, as cited in Silva et al., 2009). Therefore, the quality parameters in the analysis of FBI and FB2 in corn-based products obtained with LC with fluorescence detector have been investigated (Silva et al, 2009). Furthermore, a comparison study between fluorescence detector (FD), mass spectrometry, and tandem mass spectrometry with a triple quadrupole (QqQ) analyzer using an electrospray ionization interface for the determination of fumonisin B1 and B2 in corn-based products has been performed. A comparative study of the three LC detectors, FD, single quadrupole, QqQ for the analysis of fumonisins in corn samples has been performed. The response achieved by the three detectors was sensitive enough to study the maximum contents established by the EU legislation. These LC detectors would be appropriate for quantification purposes but the acquisition of at least two transitions achieved with QqQ provided a univocal identification. 

We therefore find that the mixture of linear fluids with regular equilibrium response achieves a uniform equilibrium state with T°, P° everywhere in the mixture (because they were such permanently at the boundary) and therefore with Wp (calculated analogously as from (4.380) (using T, P, wp as independent variables), (4.381)) and moreover with Vq, = o in all the mixture (because this was permanently held on the part of its boundary). 

The tristimulus filter colorimeter was apparently developed in order to retain some of the advantages of the spectrophotometer and at the same time to decrease the labor needed to calculate the numerical specifications of color. They are generally more portable than the spectrophotometers, cost less, and require much less interpretation of the results. All of the data of the tristimulus colorimeters can be interconverted to any of the standard systems of color measurement. Their accuracy depends upon the fit between the theoretical response of the C.I.E. primaries and the response achieved by the combination of light source, filter, and photocell. The fit is in no case perfect, and is usually worst in the small lobe of the X primary. 

The power of array sensing is most apparent when discriminating multianalyte solutions. In such solutions, multiple compounds (possibly hundreds or even thousands) make up each mixture. Array sensing is ideal for such a situation, with its inherent ability to detect multiple analytes simultaneously using various differential sensors, especially in circumstances where the multianalyte solutions have only subtle differences in chemical compositions. The resultant fingerprint response achieved for each solution allows discrimination through pattern recognition. 

The first controller implemented on the structure was the direct MRAC shown in Fig. 4.5. This gives a basis for comparison between direct and indirect control. Figure 4.6a shows a plot of the open-loop response envelope, the desired response envelope, and the closed-loop response achieved. As can be seen, the closed-loop system adapts to the reference-model response until the deadband is reached (after approximately 11s), at which point adaptation is turned off. The deadband is inherent to the Nitinol wire actuators. 

In many cases, such a decoupled overall reduced-order system results in a first-order differential equation relating the decoupled inputs to the individual outputs, thus, somewhat limiting the dynamical response achievable by the pole-placement. Often, this does not pose a major problem, as the first-order response can be shaped by an outer-loop controller, e.g., a PID controller, once the system is decoupled. The cancellation of invariant zeros can be a... 

The proposed SI voltammetric system is an alternative for cost-effective higher degree of automation. The linearity and response achieved with the system makes it very suitable for arsenic measurements in natural waters with usual concentrations. Samples with higher or lower concentration can also be easily measured by varying the amount of sample aspirated and/or the deposition time. 

The data have been presented in the hope that further advances in the understanding of the chemical nature of the substances concerned will enable reconciliation of the discrepancies in the magnitudes, of response achieved by different investigators,. It is, unfortunately, apparently not possible at the present time to reconcile the various -claims and facts regarding the material or materials which are present or capable of extraction from liver, and M hich are therapeutically active in pernicious anemia. 

An example from our own laboratory shows that the seram antibody responses achieved following inoculation of a synthetic peptide covalently coupled to PamSCys are comparable to those achieved when the peptide is emulsified in Freund s complete adjuvant. In contrast, attachment of other lipid components including palmitic acid or cholesterol had little or no adjuvanting effect (Fig.6). 

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