Resins fraction

Peat Waxes. Peat waxes are much like montan waxes in that they contain three main components a wax fraction, a resin fraction, and an asphalt fraction. The amount of asphalt in the total yield is influenced strongly by the solvent used in the extraction. Montan waxes contain ca 50 wt % more of the wax fraction than peat waxes, and correspondingly lower percentages of the resin and asphalt fractions. The wax fraction in peat wax is chemically similar to that of the wax fraction in montan wax. 

Asphaltenes seem to be relatively constant in composition in residual asphalts, despite the source, as deterrnined by elemental analysis (6). Deterrnination of asphaltenes is relatively standard, and the fractions are termed / -pentane, / -hexane, / -heptane, or naphtha-insoluble, depending upon the precipitant used (5,6,49). After the asphaltenes are removed, resinous fractions are removed from the maltenes-petrolenes usually by adsorption on activated gels or clays. Recovery of the resin fraction by desorbtion is usually nearly quantitative. 

For oil A, slight differences in composition exist the aromatic and resin fractions hardly decrease to form lighter saturate compounds. The effects are quite similar to those on oil B whose global composition does not change. But in the saturate fraction, the amount of n and iso alkanes is three times higher in the recovered samples than in the initial one (Fig. 11). 

Generally, the heavy materials removed in the process included both resins and asphalts, but by operating in two or more stages, these materials can be segregated. This may often be desirable, as both products then may be obtained in a relatively pure state and thus they become of greater commercial importance. Deresining of heavy distillate fractions also is possible, and the process may be operated for the separation of special resin fractions (38), which may be of value in the manufacture of specialty products. 

Tentatively Identified Artifact Contaminants from Resin Fractionation Scheme... 

The molecular weight of the polyaromatic fraction as calculated by NMR is well below that determined by VPO. As pointed out earlier the NMR analysis of this fraction can only be semiquantitative because tetra-and higher aromatic systems will be calculated as mono- and diaromatics and all the calculations will be affected accordingly. In our separation scheme all of the polar non-hydrocarbons are concentrated in the resin fractions. Only ethers and thioethers are included in the oil and are eventually concentrated in the di- -f- triaromatics and polyaromatics, as the data in Table III show. Also only half of the saturates are condensed cycloalkanes, mainly of two and three rings. These observations are indirect evidence that no significant amounts of large condensed systems are present and that at least part of the polyaromatic fraction consists of noncondensed mono-, di-, and triaromatic units. 

Filby (1975) separated a tertiary California oil into a low-molecular-weight methanol-soluble fraction, a methanol-insoluble-pentane-soluble fraction (resin), and a C5 asphaltene fraction. He observed that less than 5% of the Ni is present in the methanol-soluble fraction, exclusively as Ni porphyrins. More than 50% of the total Ni was found in the resin fraction, of which 64% occurred as Ni porphyrins. About 40% of the total Ni was found in the asphaltene fraction, of which 49% of the Ni present was in the porphyrin form. 

Agha Jari topped crude Gach Saran atmospheric residuum Kuwait and Lagomedio atmospheric residual 3 Jobo crude resin fraction asphaltene fraction Adriatic Sea atmospheric resid Gach Saran vacuum residuum... 

Residua and heavy oils, like any other petroleum, can be fractionated by a variety of techniques (Speight, 1999) to provide broad general fractions termed asphaltenes, resins, aromatics, and saturates (Figure 6-6). By convention, the asphaltene and resin fractions are often referred to as the asphaltic fraction because of their insolubility in liquid propane and subsequent separation from a liquid propane solution of residua as asphalt. 

Briefly, the asphaltene fraction of crude oil is that fraction which is precipitated by the addition of a large excess of a low-boiling liquid hydrocarbon (usually n-heptane) (Chapter 3). On the other hand, resins are those materials which remain soluble in the pentane but will be adsorbed by a surface-active material such as fuller s earth, while the oils fraction is soluble in pentane but is not adsorbed from the pentane solution by any surface-active material. The asphaltic fraction of any petroleum, heavy oil, or residuum is usually a combination of the asphaltene and resin fraction and, in many instances, may constitute a large portion of a heavy oil or, especially, of a residuum. 

Asphaltics a general term usually meaning the asphaltene fraction plus the resin fraction. 

In this paper organically-bound sulfur in three types of high-molecular-weight organic matter (kerogen, asphaltenes and resins) obtained from three organic sulfur-rich sedimentary rock samples has been studied. Kerogen, asphaltene and resin fractions were isolated and characterised by the two described techniques. 

In summary, Raney Ni desulfurisation of the polar fraction of the Northern Apennines Marl further supports the presence of (poly)sulfide-linked phytanyl, docosanyl and cholestanyl moieties (some of them with additional intramolecular sulfur linkages) in the resin fraction as proposed from the pyrolysis experiments. In addition, a number of other structural units are revealed e.g. pentakishomohopane, carotenoids, n-alkanes and isoprenoid alkanes. The reason why these structural units are not revealed by the pyrolysis experiments may be (i) their much lower relative abundance (e.g.9 other n-alkanes and isoprenoid alkanes), (ii) their attachment in the macromolecules by more than one (poly)sulfide linkage, which make their release from the macromolecule by flash pyrolysis unlikely ([Pg.522]

The resin fractions of organic sulfur-rich bitumens are for a substantial part composed of monomers with linear, isoprenoid, steroid, hopanoid and carotenoid carbon skeletons connected to each other by (poly)sulfide linkages. These structural units may contain additional intramolecular sulfur linkages. This sulfur-rich geopolymer is also formed by sulfur incorporation into functionalised lipids in an intermolecular fashion during early diagenesis. 

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