Reinforcement of Masonry Structures

Damages to masonry due to horizontal stresses, such as those caused by seismic events or slow ongoing settlements, are then attributed either to damaged mortar joints or to the breaking of masonry quoins. In particular, they are anticipated by the slipping of blocks towards the interface, after debonding. 

The FRP reinforcement of masonry structures, along with improving the mechanical characteristics of the single structural members, allows for a large improvement in the structure undergoing seismic events and can be positively used in case they do not satisfy the safety requirements provided by the regulations in force concerning one or more limit states. 

Brigante, New Composite Materials Selection, Design, and Application, 

The FRP application strategy has to aim to enhance the resistance of the undersized members, with the purpose of obtaining, at the same time, a better structural uniformity and preventing any possible case of local failure of single walls or structural members. 

The seismic efficiency of the planned intervention can be evaluated by the increase of failure of horizontal shifting deriving from the application of the reinforcement. 

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Zangani, D., Scotto, M., CorvagUa, P., Munich, J.C., 2007. Rehabilitation and seismic reinforcement of masonry structures with multifunctional composites. Compos. Mag. 5, 52-56. 

The use of composite materials in a reinforcement project of masonry structures has to be backed by the following elements ... 

An interesting application of composite materials in the field of masonry structures concerns the reinforcement of vaults, which can be carried out over vaulted members with different geometries, such as the single or double curvature. From a static point of view, the stability of a vaulted structure is guaranteed when the curve of pressures, that is, the funicular polygon of permanent load and accidental load resting upon it, is transferred to the internal composite material of the central inertia core of each section. Until the eccentricity remains limited compared with the inertia central core. 

Structural reinforcement of masonry and steel beams floors by the use of carbon fiber pultruded... 

Card 9.7 Structural reinforcement of masonries with glass fiber fabrics... 

Structural reinforcement of masonry with glass fiber fabrics should follow the procedure... 

Messervey, T.B., Zangani, D., Fuggini, C., 2010. Sensor-embedded textiles for the reinforcement, dynamic characterisation, and structural health monitoring of masonry structures. In Structural Health Monitoring 2010, Sorrento, Naples, June 28-July 4. 

Reinforced concrete (RC) ring beams have been widely used for the retrofit of masonry structures from the aftermath of the Friuli, Italy... 

In all blast-resistant structures (steel, concrete, or masonry) special attention should be given to the integrity of connections between structural elements up to the point of maximum response. For example, it is important to prevent premature brittle failure of welded connections to avoid stress concentrations or notches at joints in steel structures and to provide ductile reinforcement detailing in concrete/masonry structure connections. For all materials, it is recommended that connections be designed to be stronger than the connected structural members such that the more ductile member will govern the design over the more brittle connection. 

This chapter provides material properties and response criteria necessary to design facilities constructed of reinforced concrete, reinforced masonry, structural stcc and cold formed steel. Static and dynamic properties are covered for the materials used in these facilities. Allowable response criteria are covered for both... 

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