Reinforcement inorganic

By far the largest quantity of asbestos is utilized in asbestos composites for reinforcing inorganic (cement) and organic (PVC, rubber, duromers) binders. Whereas the consumption in Western industrialized countries has declined steeply (95% in the USA banned in FRG since 1993), more than 2 10 t of asbestos was processed worldwide in 1997 mainly to building materials made from asbestos cement, which were utilized in Asian and Eastern European countries and in developing countries. 

The most important fiber-reinforced inorganic-based product i,s asbestos cement, which has been used in the building indu,stry since 1900, Asbestos nbers (normally chrysotile) are bonded by Portland cement and the mixture sets to a fiber-rein forced material with 10 to 20% asbestos, which has excellent properties (Eternit , Fulgurit etc,)... 

Actox. [Zinc Corp. of Am.] Zinc oxide activamr for NR, SR, latexes reinforcer inorganic coles to resins and rubber. 

J. A. Comie, Advanced continuously reinforced inorganic composites for structural applications critical issues for future growth, in Advanced Stmctural Inorganic Composites, P. Vincenzini, ed., Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, 801-821 (1991). 

In view of the continuity of the reinforcing inorganic phase, the global stress acting on the composite across this section is fairly close to the sum of the stresses on the two phases, weighted by the respective volume fractions, that is. 

Chan, H. S., Patterson, W. A. (1972) The theoretical prediction of the cracking stress of glass fibre reinforced inorganic cement . Journal of Materials Science, 7 856-60. 

NEED SUITABLE HIGH PERFORMANCE REINFORCING INORGANIC FIBERS FOR... 

Suqin Chang, Tingxiu Xie, Guisheng Yang. A reinforced inorganic particle microcapsules and their preparation methods. 

The mbber compound usually requires an inert inorganic filler and small particle sise carbon particle for reinforcement. The mbber polymers vary in inherent tensile strength from very high in the case of natural mbber to almost nonexistent for some synthetic polymers, eg, SBR. The fillers most commonly used for mbber compounds include carbon black, clay, calcium carbonate, siUca, talc (qv), and several other inorganic fillers. 

Finally, the combined reinforcing effect and high absorption capacity of asbestos fibers have been exploited in a variety of appHcations to increase dimensional stabiHty, typically in vinyl or asphalt tiles and asphalt toad surfacing. Figure 9 summarizes, as of 1984, the various classes of application for asbestos fibers in combination with other materials. The diagram shows that in recent years, most industrial appHcations have evolved towards composite materials where the fibers are bonded within an organic or inorganic matrix. 

Sohd rocket propellants represent a very special case of a particulate composite ia which inorganic propellant particles, about 75% by volume, are bound ia an organic matrix such as polyurethane. An essential requirement is that the composite be uniform to promote a steady burning reaction (1). Further examples of particulate composites are those with metal matrices and iaclude cermets, which consist of ceramic particles ia a metal matrix, and dispersion hardened alloys, ia which the particles may be metal oxides or intermetallic compounds with smaller diameters and lower volume fractions than those ia cermets (1). The general nature of particulate reinforcement is such that the resulting composite material is macroscopicaHy isotropic. 

Various inorganic esters have been claimed as coupling agents for reinforced plastics, including aminobenzyl phosphonates, dicetylisopropylborate, alkoxy compounds of aluminum, zirconium and titanium, zircoaluminates, and numerous substituted titanates [1]. These metal alkoxides could function in a similar manner to the orthosilicates by reacting with hydroxylated substrates. Like the simple orthosilicates such as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), it is less evident how an-... 

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