Reinforcement Continuity

The cathodic protection of reinforcing steel and stray current protection measures assume an extended electrical continuity through the reinforcing steel. This is mostly the case with rod-reinforced concrete structures however it should be verified by resistance measurements of the reinforcing network. To accomplish this, measuring cables should be connected to the reinforcing steel after removal of the concrete at different points widely separated from each other. To avoid contact resistances, the steel must be completely cleaned of rust at the contact points. 

Corrosion likelihood (depassivation) Steel/concrete potential f cu.o.so,(V) 

Measured values of 1 show that the continuity is insufficient. The reinforcing steel should then be short circuited with the rest of the reinforcement, which has a sufficient electrical continuity. 

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The price of the fibrous reinforcements (Figure 2.14) depends on the nature of the fibres and the form of the reinforcement continuous or chopped fibres, mats, rovings, fabrics or unidirectional. 

Fiber-Matrix Composites. As shown in Figure 1.75, there are two main classifications of FMCs those with continuous fiber reinforcement and those with discontinuous fiber reinforcement. Continuous-flber-reinforced composites are made from fiber rovings (bundles of twisted filaments) that have been woven into two-dimensional sheets resembling a cloth fabric. These sheets can be cut and formed to a desired shape, or preform, that is then incorporated into a composite matrix, typically a thermosetting resin such as epoxy. Metallic, ceramic, and polymeric fibers of specific compositions can all be produced in continuous fashions, and the properties of the... 

Properties Reinforcements Continuous Fiber (FRU-L) Medium Rber (13mm) (FRU-M) Short Fiber (3mm) (FRU-8)... 

Compounding to change and improve the physical and mechanical properties of plastics makes use of a wide variety of materials as reviewed throughout this book. The major and large market for these materials, such as additives, fillers, and reinforcements, continues to expand as the demand for reducing the cost of plastics, plastics to function in wider or extreme markets, and under stricter regulatory regimes continue to expand. 

Electrical continuity - poor metal to metal contact, poor reinforcement continuity within survey area or scanning across a discontinuity such as... 

The methodology covers the design of jointed (unreinforced and reinforced), continuously reinforced and fibre-reinforced concrete pavements. The case of pre-stressed rigid pavement... 

Reinforcement Continuous strand mat. Continuous Chopped strand Continuous strand mat, Continuous strand Continuous roving... 

Development of many different polymers and plastic compounds (via additives, fillers, and reinforcements) continues to expand the use of plastics in electrical applications. By including fiUers/additives, such as glass in plastics, electrical properties can considerably extend performances of many plastics (Fig. 4.55). 

Mehdipour, A., Sebak, A.R., Trueman, C.W., Rosea, I.D., Hoa, S.V., 2010. Reinforced continuous carbon-fiber composites using multi-wall carbon nanotubes for wideband antenna applications. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 58 (7), 2451-2456. http //dx.doi.org/ 10.1109/TAP.2010.2048862. 

Localized reinforcements Continuous fibers over three-dimensional shapes (without joints) Large structures symmetric shapes alent... 

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