Refuse derived fuel production

Chau DN (2009) Investigation the suitable parameters for refuse derived fuel production in Vietnam. Master Thesis, Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi... 

Refuse-Derived Fuel. Many processing faciUties divert a portion of the material that is not recovered for recycling to waste-to-energy plants, also referred to as resource recovery faciUties, where the material is employed as fuel. The processes involved in the production of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) are outlined in Figure 4 (23). Nine different RDFs have been defined, as Hsted in Table 3 (24). There are several ways to prepare RDF-3, which is perhaps the most popular form and is the feed used in the preparation of densified refuse-derived fuel (d-RDF). AH forms of RDF are part of the broader set of waste-derived fuels (WDF), which includes various waste biomass, eg, from silvaculture or agriculture (see Fuels frombiomass Fuels fromwaste). 

FIG. 25-63 Typical flow sheet for the recovery of materials and production of refuse-derived fuels (RDF). [Adapted in pait from D. C. Wilson (ed.). Waste Management Planning, Evaluation, Technologies, Oxford Univei-sity Press, Oxford, 1981.]... 

USE OF REFUSE DERIVED FUEL ENHANCED WITH POST-CONSUMER PLASTICS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY BY THE GASIFICATION PROCESS... 

Results are presented of studies undertaken in Italy by SAFI and Replastic of the gasification of refuse derived fuel enriched with post-consumer plastics for the production of electrical energy and gas for use in cement making. 11 refs. 

Abstract Looking for the possibility of using Refused Derived Fuels (RDF) in the substitution of fossil fuels is one of the main subjects in the Waste to Energy aspect. Therefore this study has been taken in this direction. The influence of waste composition on RDF quality produced by Dry Stabilization Process (DSP) and the evaluation of C02 emission of this product were undertaken. 

Sulfur in the biomass feedstock can be converted to hydrogen sulfide or sulfur oxides during gasification. Wood typically contains less than 0.1% sulfur by weight, and herbaceous crops may contain 0.3 to 0.4%. Some feedstocks such as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) may contain 1% or more, approximately the same as bituminous coal. As a result of the low levels of sulfur in the biomass, the concentrations of H2S and SOx levels in the product gases are below those requiring cleanup in most applications. 

Other Solid Fuel Processing Solid fuel other than coal also can be utilized in fuel cell systems. For example, biomass and RDF (refuse-derived-fuels) can be integrated into a fuel cell system as long as the gas product is processed to meet the requirements of the fuel cell. The resulting systems would be very similar to the coal gas system with appropriate gasifying and cleanup... 

The Clean Air Act of 1990 has made trace metal content in fuels and wastes the final ash-related compositional characteristic of significance. Considerable attention is paid (ca 1993) to emissions of such metals as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver, and zinc. The concentration of these metals in both grate ash and flyash is of significance as a result of federal and state requirements of particular importance is the mobility of metals. This mobility, and the consequent toxicity of the ash product, is determined by the Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure (tclp) test. Tables 8—10 present trace metal contents for wood wastes and agricultural wastes, municipal waste, and refuse-derived fuel, respectively. In Table 8, the specific concentration of various components in the RDF governs the expected average concentration of trace metals. 

Figure 13.1 Sketch of an refuse derived fuel (RDF) production facility.

According to the principle of indirect heating, the pyrohtic gases are not diluted by nitrogen or by combustion products. Tables 10.26 and 10.27 give some examples of refuse-derived fuels obtained by pyrolysis of different waste streams [80]. 

Barducci, G., et al., (1998) Novel applications for electric power production by utilisation of purified low energy gas coming from refuse derived fuel. In Proceedings i Cf European Conference and Exhibition, Biomass for Energy Industry, (Ed. H. Kopetz et al.) CARMEN, Rimpar. 

Waste materials cover a diversity of products such as wood waste, used tires, waste from agricultural products such as rice husks, and municipal solid waste. Some of these waste materials are very heterogeneous while others are more uniform. Different types of waste are commonly processed using incinerators or reactors that process waste material by heat. The processed materials are commonly classified in char, liquid, and gasses. The municipal solid waste (refuse derived fuel), which is probably the most heterogeneous, is initially processed by the removal of metals, is shredded, dried, and pelletized, and only after that is it processed in heated reactors. 

This chapter describes the unit operations that could be applied in a solid-waste processing plant aiming to recover recyclable materials, refuse-derived fuel, as well as products for further chemical or biological processing. The tailings from solid-waste processing are rejected to the landfill. 

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