References for figures

Figures 8-133-136 illtistrate the correlation of the data with the proposed model and resulting design procedttre. Additional illustrations accompany the reference. For Figure 8-133 the Cy and Cl parameters are plotted. For sieve trays, the actual hole velocities are used where for the Type-T valve tray the hole velocities are calctilated based on the maximum open area, A y. ...

Figure L.4. General categories of techniques to solve nonlinear equations. References for Figure AL.4...

Table II E erlioental Conditions and References for Figure 1. ND indicates no data available.

From the above plot, it can be seen that the recovery factor for gas reservoirs depends upon how low an abandonment pressure can be achieved. To produce at a specified delivery pressure, the reservoir pressure has to overcome a series of pressure drops the drawdown pressure (refer to Figure 9.2), and the pressure drops in the tubing, processing facility and export pipeline (refer to Figure 9.12). To improve recovery of gas, compression facilities are often provided on surface to boost the pressure to overcome the pressure drops in the export line and meet the delivery pressure specified. 

Referring to figure Bl.8.5 the radii of the tliree circles are the magnitudes of the observed structure amplitudes of a reflection from the native protein, and of the same reflection from two heavy-atom derivatives, dl and d2- We assume that we have been able to detemiine the heavy-atom positions in the derivatives and hl and h2 are the calculated heavy-atom contributions to the structure amplitudes of the derivatives. The centres of the derivative circles are at points - hl and - h2 in the complex plane, and the three circles intersect at one point, which is therefore the complex value of The phases for as many reflections as possible can then be... 

We would like to acknowledge A P Alivisatos and C V Shank, as well as all past and current members of the Alivisatos group for their insight and help with many of the ideas and data presented in this chapter. We would also like to acknowledge Steve Robertson for inspired assistance with the references and figures. 

The author is indebted to Messrs. Adam Hilger Ltd. for these two figures. A detailed description of the instrument will be found in their booklet, Instructions for the Use of the Abbe Refractometer," and to which the reader is referred for further particulars. 

A tabulation of the partial pressures of sulfuric acid, water, and sulfur trioxide for sulfuric acid solutions can be found in Reference 80 from data reported in Reference 81. Figure 13 is a plot of total vapor pressure for 0—100% H2SO4 vs temperature. References 81 and 82 present thermodynamic modeling studies for vapor-phase chemical equilibrium and liquid-phase enthalpy concentration behavior for the sulfuric acid—water system. Vapor pressure, enthalpy, and dew poiat data are iacluded. An excellent study of vapor—liquid equilibrium data are available (79). 

The performance of a motor is greatly influenced by a voltage unbalance in the supply system. It reduces its output and torque and results in a higher slip and rotor loss. This subject is covered in more detail in Section 12.2(v). For likely deratings, refer to Figure 12.1. Asystem with an unbalance of up to 1 % or so calls for no derating, whereas one having an unbalance of more than 5% is not recommended for an industrial application, because of a... 

For power and control circuit diagrams refer to Figure 4.1(b). 

These are short centre drives unlike flat belt drives. The belt slip in such drives is negligible. The recommended maximum power that can be transmitted through such belts of different cross-sectional areas is provided by the belt manufacturer. The normal cross-sections of V belts in practice are given in Table 8.3. The cross-section of a belt depends upon the power to be transmitted and its speed. To select the appropriate section of the belt for the required transfer of load refer to Figure 8.11 also provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended that... 

The peak value of a fault current will depend upon the content of the d.c. component. The d.c. component will depend upon the p.f. of the faulty circuit and the instant at which the short-circuit commences on the current wave. (Refer to Figure 13.27, illustrating the variation in asymmetry with the p.f. of the faulty circuit. For ease of application, it is represented as a certain multiple of the r.m.s. value of the symmetrical fault current /sc )... 

When desired, ihe machine can also be designed as an inductor to supply lagging reactive kVAr, with the help of AVR and QDC. It will serve little purpose, if used both as a motor and a condenser. Refer to Figure 16.3. illustrating the trajectory of the cm rent phasoi. /. For the current / at a p.f. cos 0 (leading). 

Several factors are important in the performance of a generator, and not the service conditions alone, as discussed for motors, in Section 1.6. In addition to service conditions, the operating power factor plays a significant role in the selection of a DG set, as noted above. The following p.f. conditions may occur in practice, depending upon the type of loads connected on the system. Refer to Figure 16.8. 

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