Figure References

The rate of self-corrosion of zinc anodes is relatively low. In fresh cold water, it amounts to about 0.02 g m h , corresponding to a corrosion rate of 25 /rm a. In cold seawater, the value is about 50% higher [10]. These figures refer to stagnant water. In flowing water the corrosion rates are significantly greater. Zinc is not practically suited for use in warm waters because of its tendency to passivate. 

The letters A and B in a pair of chains in the middle of the figure refer to NMR non-equivalent methyl groups (Sect. 5.2)... 

The enthalpies of hydration plotted in this figure refer to the process in Eq. (8.8). 

Figure 48-12. Schematic illustration of some aspects of the role of the osteoclast in bone resorption. Lysosomal enzymes and hydrogen ions are released into the confined microenvironment created by the attachment between bone matrix and the peripheral clear zone of the osteoclast. The acidification of this confined space facilitates the dissolution of calcium phosphate from bone and is the optimal pH for the activity of lysosomal hydrolases. Bone matrix is thus removed, and the products of bone resorption are taken up into the cytoplasm of the osteoclast, probably digested further, and transferred into capillaries. The chemical equation shown in the figure refers to the action of carbonic anhydrase II, described in the text. (Reproduced, with permission, from Jun-queira LC, Carneiro J BasicHistology. Text Atlas, 10th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2003.)...

The currents in the figure refer to that supplied to the magnet.)... 

Where more than one reagent is used, or product produced, it is essential that product and reagent to which the yield figure refers is clearly stated. 

Numbered and lettered references for points in this figure refer to data listed in Table A-1 and Figure A-l comments. 

The markedly lower reactivity of Br than Cl towards H-abstraction means that bromination is much more selective than chlorination (the figures refer to H-abstraction by Br at 25°) ... 

Fig. 2.6 Development of the market saturation for selected appliances [4]. Figures refer to Western Germany before 1990, and reunited Germany from 1990.

Fig. 5.4 Time dependence of HE profiles during chlorine evolution at a 40 at.% Ru electrode in 5 M NaCI + 0.1 M HCI at room temperature (without IR compensation), subjected to square-wave potential cycling (from 1.35 to -0.32 V versus SCE at 60s cycle-1). The numbers in the figure refer to the time of electrolysis in hours. Each Tafel plot is shifted to the right by 20 mV to avoid overlapping. 

Figure 5.30 The low shear viscosity versus chain overlap for polyacrylamide (PAM) and acrylamide dodecyl methacrylate copolymers (DMA-AM). The figures refer to the mole percentage of hydrophobic chains...

The upper and lower figures refer to the A and B molecules respectively. 

This is the measure of potency used when a drug is administered to a population of test subjects. This time the 50% figure refers to the percentage of the population responding rather that a percentage of maximal response in a particular individual. 

Writing conventions specific to a genre that dictate the appearance and physical placement of written elements in, for example, tables, figures, references, headings, and number/unit combinations. 

MYKONOS wind-mills (see below) the first figure refers to the munt r of atoms within the phosphazenic ring (6 = N3P3, 8 = N P ) and the second figure is connected with the number of atoms within the cyclic amino ligand (3 = Az, 5 = Pyrro). 

Malonic esters have two ester groups, each of which may react as in the acetoacetic ester synthesis due to their similar structure (see the preceding section). The malonic ester synthesis provides a method for preparing a substituted acetic acid. Figure 15-14 shows the structure of one type of malonic ester. Figure 15-15 outlines the basic malonic ester synthesis. May repeat in that figure refers to the reaction with a second molecule of RX (or R X). 

These two figures refer to the temperature-relative humidity complex, but there is an important difference in the environment between outdoor, sheltered, ventilated shed and indoor corrosion. Precipitation is only possible in outdoor conditions, although condensation of moisture is possible in sheltered conditions and less probable in ventilated shed. In storehouses and heat trap conditions there are no possibilities of precipitation and condensation of moisture is more difficult. 

The large numbers (1,2,3 4) in this Figure refer to NFPA Chemical Reactivity Ratings which are described below ... 

There are four building blocks—fuel, heat, air, and chemical reaction— that must be present for afire to occur. This can be pictured as a four-sided figure (referred to as a tetrahedron) —if one side is removed, the figure collapses. This is used to illustrate the point that if any one of these building blocks is removed, the fire is extinguished, which is the basis of fire attack. 

Figure 4. Effect of dose rate on grafting of atyrene to wool 10% MeOH, 30% styrene, 60% dioxane. Figures refer to dose rate in Mrads per hour...

Figure 6. Effect of methanol content on grafting of styrene to wool. Styrene, 3.06M in dioxane dose rate, 0.1 Mrads per hour. Figures refer to % MeOH.

In these equations the superscript parenthetical figures refer to individual phases. 

Freytag [60] collected the data on the subject obtained by various authors. Some of the figures referred to solvents used in the manufacture of powders are given in Table 196, according to Dolezalek [61]. 

Figure 3. Dependence of the J- acidity function on sodium hydroxide concentration in water-DMSO mixtures of different composition. Curves 1 and 6 aqueous solutions. Curves 2 and 7 (O) 10 vol % DMSO. Curves 3 and 8 ( ) 50 vol % DMSO. Curve 4 ( ) 80 vol % DMSO. Curve 5 (3) 90 vol % DMSO. The [NaOH] scale on top of the figure refers to curves 6, 7, and 8, the one on the bottom to curves 1,2,3, 4, and 5.

Figure 13.5—Several approaches that allow recording of spectra or X-ray fluorescence results. In the figure, references are indicated by their sections in the text.

Fig. 38. Predominant routes to the formation of butenes over Type A (mechanism A) and Type B (mechanism A + mechanism B) nickel and cobalt catalysts after Phillipson et al. [166]. (Figures refer to species in Fig. 37 except (XIII) which is CH2—CH2— CH-j-CH2.)...

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