Redistribution of energy

FIGURE 3.11 Core definition. After redistribution of energy at the molecular scale, core size is suggested by the distance at which energy transported by secondary electrons just exceeds that due to every other channel (see text for details). From Mozumder and La Verne (1987). 

Thus, only the normal Reynolds stresses (i = j) are directly dissipated in a high-Reynolds-number turbulent flow. The shear stresses (i / j), on the other hand, are dissipated indirectly, i.e., the pressure-rate-of-strain tensor first transfers their energy to the normal stresses, where it can be dissipated directly. Without this redistribution of energy, the shear stresses would grow unbounded in a simple shear flow due to the unbalanced production term Vu given by (2.108). This fact is just one illustration of the key role played by 7 ., -in the Reynolds stress balance equation. 

The above ingenious reaction was brought about by heating the mixture to 150° for 1-5 hr., the yield of (XXIII) being 49 per cent. Thus there is a redistribution of energy-rioh phosphate bonds. 

An intramolecular redistribution of energy among all the vibrational modes. For large molecules, this redistribution does not require collisions. 

Statistical theories treat the decomposition of the reaction complex of ion-molecule interactions in an analogous manner to that employed for unimolecular decomposition reactions.466 One approach is that taken by the quasiequilibrium theory (QET).467 Its basic assumptions are (1) the rate of dissociation of the ion is slow relative to the rate of redistribution of energy among the internal degrees of freedom, both electronic and vibrational, of the ion and (2) each dissociation process may be described as a motion along a reaction coordinate separable from all other internal... 

Nonresistive redistribution of energy within the electromagnetic field E, B, described by Ampere s Eq. (9) and leading to an electromagnetic displacement current id... 

Molecular beams, chemiluminescence and laser-induced fluorescence experiments show the theory in its simple form to be fundamentally flawed, with internal states of reactants and products and the redistribution of energy on reaction being of fundamental importance. 

While providing a simple method for analyzing the redistribution of energy in the combustion wave, the models discussed in the previous section do not account for the local structural features of the reaction medium. Microstructural models account for details such as reactant particle size and distribution, product layer thickness, etc., and correlate them with the characteristics of combustion (e.g., U,T,). 

The development of the picosecond-jet technique is presented. The applications of the technique to the studies of coherence (quantum beats), photodissociation, isomerization and partial solvation of molecules in supersonic-jet beams are detailed with emphasis on the role of intramolecular energy redistribution. Experimental evidence for intramolecular threshold effect for rates as a function of excess molecular energy is given and explained using simple theory for the redistribution of energy among certain modes. Comparison with R.R.K.M. calculation is also made to assess the nature of the statistical behaviour of the energy redistribution. 

Nonlinear interaction causes the redistribution of energy within the spectrum. These processes are described by the source functions Sn. The time and length scales of the variable environmental parameters (wind, depth, current) must be large compared to those of the... 

These two models represent the most important spherical S3munetrical potential functions used in this book, but many others exist as welP [39] (pp. 31-35). In the two models adopted in this work the force is always repulsive and varies inversely as some power of the distance between the molecular centers. No redistribution of energy between the internal and the translational energy forms are allowed. 

In this reversible reaction, dehydration of the substrate causes a redistribution of energy to form the high-energy compound phosphoenolpyruvate. 

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