Recycled Resin Demand

Demand of Recycled Resin, by Type, from 1988 to 1993 [Chamas, 1990] 

Recycled resin prices for various stages of processing are shown in Table 5.1. The pricing information is derived from a weekly plastics publication pricing chart during middle 1990 and interviews with recyclers, resin brokers and traders. In the long term, the 

The effect of colored recycled resin on price can be seen in Table 5.1. While clean green regrind PET is selling at 17 /lb, clear is selling for twice as much. Overall, the two major recycled resins, PET and HDPE, continue to hold ( appreciate in value against 

Resin Type Baled Clean Regrind or Rake Pelletized 

Occidental Qiemical Corporation has established a buy-back program for postconsumer PVC bottles. For baled material in lots of 5,000 lb and up, with 90% minimum PVC content and without caps, prices paid during the fourth quarter 1990 were as follows clear PVC bottles with wash rermvable labels, 90/lb mixed colors and clear PVC bottles with non-wash removable labels, 60/lb clear 5 gallon PVC water bonles, cut in half and nested for shipment, 100/lb. Freight is paid by Occidental and truckload quantities greater than 20,000 lbs receive an additional l0/lb. 

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The market outlook for recycled plasdcs is strong. The recycled resin demand for the six previously mentioned plastics (HOPE, LDPE, PET. PP. PS and PVC) by the end of 1993 are expected to be 3.5 times that of 1990 levels. The price of sorted, baled plastic is currently in the range of 7 to 120/lb tind die price of sorted, cleaned and flaked plastic is 20 to 30 /lb. Pelletized recycled resin ranges from 20 to 450/lb. 

TTie demand for recycled resins is expected to rise significantly in the next three years, according to the study, "The Market for Plastics Recycling and Degradable Plastics, by Find/S VP, a New York market research firm. HDPE and PET are estimated to comprise 65% of the recycled resin market for 1990. It is expected that the amount of recycled HDPE and LDPE will nearly double between 1990 and 1991, from 252 to 498 million pounds, and from 87 to 163 million pounds, respectively (Chamas, 1S190]. It is estimated the HDPE recycle will exceed 1 billion pounds by 1994. Figure 5.1 shows the recycled resin demand fat the six primary thermoplastics by type from 1988 to 1993. The combined total of recycled resin for the six plastics by the end of 1993 are projected to be 3.5 times the 1990 levels. 

Polymer waste has been increasing at city landfills tremendously [1]. Thus the best solution in overcoming the buildup of plastic solid waste is recycling. The demand for recycling has increased further, especially for expensive engineering resins such as polyamide (PA-6), because it possesses a lot of excellent properties. Previous studies have shown that unmodified PA-6s are excellently suitable for utilization in mechanical recycling processes [2]. 

Ethylene Dichlonde and Vinyl Chloride. In the United States, all ethylene dichloride [107-60-2] (EDC) is produced from ethylene, either by chlorination or oxychlorination (oxyhydrochlorination). The oxychlorination process is particularly attractive to manufacturers having a supply of by-product HCl, such as from pyrolysis of EDC to vinyl chloride [75-01-4] monomer (VCM), because this by-product HCl can be fed back to the oxychlorination reactor. EDC consumption follows demand for VCM which consumed about 87% of EDC production in 1989. VCM is, in turn, used in the manufacture of PVC resins. Essentially all HCl generated during VCM production is recycled to produce precursor EDC (see Chlorocarbons and Cm OROHYDROCARBONS ViNYLPOLYAffiRS). 

Recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), which offers excellent properties at potentially lower cost, is finding wider use as a raw material component and meeting increasing demands for environmentally compatible resins (see POLYESTERS,THERMOPLASTIC Recycling, PLASTICS). 

Noone, A., PET Recycling, Europe, Supply and Demand Report, 4th Edn, PET Packaging Resin and Recycling, Ltd, PCI, Derby, UK, 1999, Section 2. 

The lanthanide group of elements (Table 11.7) is very difficult to separate by traditional methods because of their similar chemical properties. The techniques originally used, like the precious metals, included laborious multiple fractional recrystallizations and fractional precipitation, both of which required many recycle streams to achieve reasonably pure products. Such techniques were unable to cope with the demands for significant quantities of certain pure compounds required by the electronics industry hence, other separation methods were developed. Resin ion exchange was the first of these... 

The pragmatism of a given situation dictates selection of one recycling strategy or another. The choice is dictated by the source of PCW, type of the resin, and the identified market demands. Eor example ... 

For the rapid on-demand synthesis of 4,5-disubstimted oxazole libraries, a flow reaction system equipped with two columns containing PS-BEMP and QP-BZA (QuadraPure benzylamine, a primary amine functionalized resin), respectively, was developed by Ley ef fll. [71,72] (Scheme 6.18). This system is very valuable from the viewpoint of rapid access to 25 different oxazoles in yields between 83 and 99%, the ease with which the reactions can be scaled-up to 10 g and the ability to recycle the PS-BEMP containing columns between runs. 

The increasing demand for plastic may not be completely met by the production of virgin resins from fossil resources. The design of polymeric materials, particularly from recycled material or biomass, provides new interesting prospects and helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions in both cases. 

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