Recovered paper

Increasing consumption of recovered paper is expected to remain a significant factor ia patterns of fiber production and demand, and is likely to iacrease as governments legislate iacreased recovery of fiber from municipal soHd waste. Abundant sources of secondary fiber offer world papermakers a less expensive alternative to virgin fiber. 

Table 2. Unit Operations for Removal of Various Contaminants from Recovered Paper ...

In 1993, nearly 36 million tons of paper were recovered in the United States, twice as much as in 1980 (54). Eor the first time, more paper was recovered in the United States than landfilled. As a result, 11 million fewer tons of paper were landfilled in the United States in 1993 than in 1987. This saved more than 69 X 10 m (90 x 10 yd ) of landfill space. In 1995, recovered paper accounted for 31.5% of the fiber used to manufacture 84.1 million metric tons of paper products (54). Annual capital spending for paper recycling projects from 1995 to the year 2000 is estimated to average 2 biUion (55). The American Eorest Paper Association (AE PA) estimates U.S. consumption of recovered paper will increase 4.9% per year through the year 2000, nearly twice the total paper industry capacity growth rate (56). Consumption of recovered paper in U.S. mills in 1997 is estimated at 35.6 million tons (57). 

Canadian consumption of recovered paper is about 4 million t/yr, much of it imported from the United States. Paper recycling continues to grow worldwide, particularly in Europe and the Pacific Rim. Worldwide use of recycled paper is expected to increase from nearly 75 million tons in 1988 to 130 million tons in 2001 (58). 

Pulps from recovered paper or paperboard using a chemical or solvent process to remove contaminants such as inks, coatings, and pigments used to produce fine, tissue, and newsprint papers... 

Pulp production from recovered paper or paperboard without deinking processes to produce tissue, paperboard, molded products, and construction papers... 

A major movement within the pulp and paper industry has been an increased focus on the use of recovered paper. Nearly 50% of paper is now recovered and used either as recycled paper or as products such as home insulation. Furthermore, recovered paper contributes to U.S. exports roughly ten million tons of recovered paper were exported in 2000.1... 

The BAT for recovered paper processing mills according to EC are the following38 ... 

AF PA, 2000 Recovered Paper Statistical Highlights, American Forest and Paper Association, Washington, 2000. Available at http //www.afandpa.org/recycling/Rec introduction.html. 

Keywords Corrugated board, Folding boxboard, Food packaging, Mineral oil, Recovered paper, Recycling... 

Kersten A, Putz H-J, Schabel S (2010) Volatile organic compounds in printed papers and measures for removal in recovered paper processing. In 9. Research Forum on Recycling, Norfolk... 

The treatment cost is also heavily dependent on the capital cost. Chematur has evaluated the treatment-cost for the Aqua Critox process as between 36 /Ton, for fine chemicals wastewater (3.6 MT/h), and 96 /Ton, for industrial sludges (1 MT/h). For de- inking sludge the treatment cost could be as low as 9 /Ton after the income from recovered paper filler is deducted. 

In the CoE guideline it is stated that some additional requirements are needed to ensure the safety of food contact materials and articles made of recycled fibre, due to the presence of printing inks, adhesives and other substances in the starting material. Aspects that should be considered include the source of recovered paper and board, the processing technologies applied to remove contaminants and the intended use of the product. 

The recovered paper and board that is not considered suitable for use as raw materials include waste paper and board from hospitals, paper and board that has been in contact with garbage, stained sacks that have contained chemicals or foodstuffs, certain covering materials, carbonless copy paper, certain types of household waste paper (used kitchen towels, handkerchiefs, etc.) and PCB-containing materials. 

A. Huttunen, The Finnish Solution for Controlling the Recovered Paper Flows, Proceedings of the First International Seminar on Reuse, Einhoven, The Netherlands, 177-187, November 11-13, 1996. 

Land filling of recovered paper with recovery of methane to produce electricity... 

Courtesy of Bulk Handling Systems (BHS) Inc., Debris Roll Screen, (DRS), cited in Resource Recyclings, p. 15 (Recovered Paper Supplement) (April 1998). 

Typically, recycled paper sludge is made up of approximately 50% cellulose, 10 % hemicellulose and 40 % other materials, and has a moisture content of about 60%. For example, with a dry ton of recovered paper for repulping, there is about 0.15 to 0.2 ton of dry short fibers generated. The wet weight of RPS will be up to 0.5 ton including water, short fiber and other solids known as fillers. Because of its high fiber content, RPS is the type of material that can be effectively utilized and converted into ethanol. The ideal method of producing ethanol from RPS is to use the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. 

WRAP, The Chinese markets for recovered paper and plastics. In Waste and Resources Action Program (Oxan, 2009)... 

In the final stage, the wetted mixture is passed through a second air-classifier where the lighter plastic leaves from the top and the denser wet paper from the bottom. The recovered paper could be fed to pulp mills for further recycling. 

The recovered paper could he fed to pulp mills for further recyclirig. 

Figure 7.4 Examples for codification systems of bioresources (a) suggestion for general bioresource codes (b) code example for a recovered paper defined by CEPI (c) waste code example defined by EPA. 7...

For paper production different bioresource categories are used primary bioresources—virgin cellulose fibers from pulp mills secondary bioresources—recovered residues from paper processing industry quaternary bioresource—recovered paper fibers, e.g., wastepaper from households, industry, commerces, trade, offices, and administration. Primary, secondary, and quaternary bioresources together make around 89% of the raw... 

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