Receptor groups

Fig. 17. A polymer-solid interface with X sticker groups on the polymer and F-receptor groups on the solid. As the chain adsorbs strongly on the solid, it tends to disentangle from the other chains in the polymer.

Fig. 19. Fracture energy of CPB (x = 3%) vs. the fraclion of NH2 receptor groups Y on an AI2O3 substrate at different contact times (Lee and Wool [84,85]).

Lee, I. and Wool, R.P, Thermodynamic analysis of polymer adhesion sticker and receptor group effects. J. Polym. Sci. Phys Ed., submitted. 

The 5-HT4, 5-hts and 5-HT7 receptors are coupled to the stimulation of adenylyl cyclase. 5-HT4, 5-htg and 5-HT7 receptors preferentially couple to the stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, increasing cAMP formation, via the Gs family of G proteins (see Chs 19 and 21). These receptors, however, share only >35% overall sequence homology. For this reason, they are classified as distinct receptor groups or classes and not subtypes of a family. The grouping of these receptors together is considered to be somewhat arbitrary and may be modified in the future. A lower-case appellation is used for the 5-ht6 receptor because a physiological role for these receptors in intact tissue has not been found [28]. 

Fig. 1.4 Pharmacophore modeling with assumed ligand groups A = A, B = B and C = C. Active-site modeling with receptor groups X = X, Y = Y and Z = Z. ...

The PHARM specification signifies that a specific atom type must be present at a precise xyz location in the active site. This is useful when designing ligands that must complement a specific pharmacophoric receptor group. 

As can be observed, the group of thyroid hormone receptors (1 A) is represented by molecular scaffolds of low structural complexity, with at most a single ring in the core ring system. In this respect, the scaffold simplicity of the molecules annotated to this group contrasts with the wide diversity of scaffolds found in the other two nuclear receptor groups. For example. 

The existence of a Ps-adrenoceptor has recently been demonstrated in human adipose tissue along with the Pi-adrenoceptor. This observation raises the possibility that eventually therapeutic drugs may selectively alter Upid metabolism and therefore provide therapeutic management of obesity. The Ps-receptor and the recently identified subtypes within the aj- and az-receptor groups ( iA, ttiB, etc.) also have not been included in the... 

Several classes of drugs, notably the antipsychotics, discussed in Chapter 34, interfere with dopaminergic transmission. In general, dopamine appears to be an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Five dopamine receptors have been identified the most important and best studied are the Dj. and D2.receptor groups. The Dj receptor, which increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by activation of adenylyl cyclase, is located primarily in the region of the putamen, nucleus accum-bens, and in the olfactory tubercle. The D2 receptor decreases cAMP, blocks certain calcium channels, and opens certain potassium channels. 

Five subtypes of dopamine receptors have been described they are the Dj-like and Dj-like receptor groups. All have seven transmembrane domains and are G protein-coupled. The Dj-receptor increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) formation by stimulation of dopamine-sensitive adenylyl cyclase it is located mainly in the putamen, nucleus accumbens, and olfactory tubercle. The other member of this family is the D5-receptor, which also increases cAMP but has a 10-fold greater affinity for dopamine and is found primarily in limbic regions. The therapeutic potency of antipsychotic drugs does not correlate with their affinity for binding to the Dj-receptor. 

The addition of an appropriate receptor group to the lanthanide complex would enable its use as a probe for various chemical and biochemical species by allowing selective linking of the lanthanide complex to biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, including antibodies. This is discussed further in Section V. 

The HRVs have been divided into the major and minor receptor groups based on two identified cellular receptors [3]. The major group, which is comprised of approximately 90 serotypes, binds to the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) [20]. The minor group, about 10 serotypes, binds to the low density lipoprotein receptor family [21]. 

In the design of any type of turn mimetic systems, there are a number of concerns and criteria that need to be addressed. The interaction of the amino acid side chains with their complementary receptor groups is the critical determinant of biological specificity. A successful inducer or mimic must limit the possible conformational arrays and thereby correctly... 

The concept of photostimulated phase separation can be applied to construct chemical-induced phase transition systems, which change the conformation reversibly in response to special chemicals. For the systems, host molecules are used as the receptor groups instead of photoisomerizable chromophores. Host molecules, such as crown ethers or cyclodextrins, are known to change the property by capturing guest chemicals in their cavity [16]. We employed benzo[l 8]crown-6 as the receptor molecule and incorporated it into the pendant groups of PNIPAM. 

Electrolyte stimulation is chiefly a function of monovalent cations in all animals that have been studied. Consequently, the receptor sites are thought to he anionic The pH relationships of stimulation also indicate that strongly acidic (e.g.. PO, or SOj- ) receptor groups are involved. Calculations... 

Applied Molecular Receptors Group (AMRg), IIQAB-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Salvador Alegret... 

Metzger, A., Peschke, W., Schmidtchen, F. P, A Convenient access to chiral monofunctionalized bicyclic guanidinium receptor groups. Synthesis-Stuttgart 1995, 566-570. 

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