Reactor Safety Study WASH

The. statement goes on to acknowledge the contribution of the Reactor Safety Study (WASH-1400) to risk quantification but points out that safety goals were not the study objectives and that the uncertainties make it unsuitable for such a purpose. After pointing out that the death I f any individual is not "acceptable," it states two quantitative objectives ... 

The Reactor Safety Study (WASH-1400) was published by the USNRC in 1975 to set down a methodology for assessing nuclear plant reliability and risk. Of particular Interest to the data analyst are Appendix III, "Failure Data," and Appendix IV, "Common Mode Failures."... 

Taylor, B. T. et al. (2000) HAZOP A Guide to Best Practice (Institution of Chemical Engineers, London). USAEC (1975) Reactor Safety Study, WASH-1400 (United States Atomic Energy Commission). 

Rasmussen, N.C. Reactor Safety Study WASH-1400. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1975. 

Reactor Safety Study, WASH 1400 (NUREG 75/014) US Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, 1975. 

Rasmussen, co-ordinator of the famous Reactor Safety Study Wash-1400 (the Rasmussen report), is... 

Reactor Safety Study (Wash Report 14(XI) Appendix III, Failure Data, October 1975... 

Government safety regulation traditionally has been reactive and very prescriptive. Most safety regulation was borne out of a specific accident or series of accidents in an industry. Though the famous Reactor Safety Study WASH-1400 for the commercial nuclear power industry was written in 1975, it did anticipate the failure scenarios of the near failure of the reactor core at Three Mile Island in 1979. The scenarios were correct, but the probability of human failure was underestimated. 

H. W. Kendall, The Risks of Nuclear Power Reactors (A Review of the NRC Reactor Safety Study, WASH-1400), Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1977). R. E. Lapp and H. L. Andrews, Nuclear Radiation Physics, 3rd ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey (1963). 

Reactor Safety Study An Assessment of Accident Risks in U.S. Commercial Nuclear Power Plants, Report WASH-1400 (NUREG-75/014), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C., Oct. 1975. 

Investigation of Potential Hazar ds fr om the Oper ations in the Canvey Island/ Thurrock Ar ea, HMSO, London, 1978. Rasmussen, Reactor Safety Study An Assessment of Accident Risk in U.S. Commer cial Nuclear Power Plants, WASH-... 

Following the release of WASH-1400, the techniques were disseminated by the authors and interpreters through publications, lectures, and workshops. Many organizations set up in-housc PS. groups, and the nucleus of the organization that had produced the Reactor Safety Study coiKinucd at the NRC. 

WASH-1400, Reactor Safety Study An Assessment of Accident Risks... 

I am a physicist who switched to nuclear engineering for my Ph D. My introduction to PSA was as an original participant in the Reactor Safety Study in 1972. Material for this book was first gathered in 1974 for a workshop on what to expect in WASH-1400 (the results of the Reactor Safety Study). Materials were gathered over the years for EPRI, Savannah River Laboratory, and other workshops. A culmination was in 1988 with "Probabilistic Risk Assessment in the Nuclear Power Industry" with Robert Hall as coauthor. This book updates these materials and adds material on PSA in the chemical process industry. I prepared the material for printing using a word processor... 

Island/Thurrock Area, HMSO, London, 1978. Rasmussen, Reactor Safety Study An Assessment of Accident Risk in U. S. Commercial Nuclear Power Plants, WASH-1400 NUREG 75/014, Washington, D.C., 1975. Rijnmond Public Authority, A Risk Analysis of 6 Potentially Hazardous Industrial Objects in the Rijnmond Area—A Pilot Study, D. Reidel, Boston, 1982. Considine, The Assessment of Individual and Societal Risks, SRD Report R-310, Safety and Reliability Directorate, UKAEA, Warrington, 1984. Baybutt, Uncertainty in Risk Analysis, Conference on Mathematics in Major Accident Risk Assessment, University of Oxford, U.K., 1986. 

Toward the end of the Second World War, systems techniques such as fault tree analysis were introduced in order to predict the reliability and performance of military airplanes and missiles. The use of such techniques led to the formalization of the concept of probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). The publication of the Reactor Safety Study (NRC, 1975)—often referred to as the Rasmussen Report after the name of principal author, or by its subtitle WASH 1400—demonstrated the use of such techniques in the fledgling nuclear power business. Although WASH 1400 has since been supplanted by more advanced analysis techniques, the report was groundbreaking in its approach to system safety. 

Reactor Safety Study (1975) An assessment of accident risks in US commercial nuclear power plants, WASH-1400 (NUREG- 75/014)... 

Sourced from Draft lEC 300-3-8 (Dependability Management), DEF STAN 00-56 Iss 2 Part 2 Table 4 and ACJ25.1309. This guidance was subsequently removed in DEF STAN 00-56 Iss3 and AMC25.1309. Examples obtained from Qemens, P.L. Human Factors and Operator Errors, J.E. Jacobs presentation second edition, Feb 2002. Human error probabilities are also contained in WASH-1400 (NUREG-75/014) Reactor Safety Study—An Assessment of Accident Risks in U.S. Commercial Nuclear Power Plants, 1975. 

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