Reaction to stimuli

CNS—wakefulness, quick reaction to stimuli, quickened reflexes... 

By enhancing the intensity of our reactions to stimuli, stimulants cause brief periods of heightened awareness, quick thinking, and elevated mood. Four widely recognized stimulants are amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine, and nicotine. 

CNS, somatomotor Twitch, tremor, ataxia, convulsion, rigidity, flaccidity, restlessness, general motor activity, reaction to stimuli, headache, dreams, poor sleep, nervousness, dizziness... 

Negative temperaments characterized primarily by emotions of fear, discomfort, anger, or sadness are the most easily recognized in infants and children. What is actually observed through assessments of these temperaments are the child s reactions to stimuli—new or old. The research has its limitations (for example, qualitative judgments, possible observer bias), but the questions that are asked are important and the results can be useful. 

Narrowing palpebral fissure 0/4 0 completely closed 1 narrowed no reaction to stimuli 2 narrowed half-closed eyelids 3 slightly narrowed open after stimulus 4 open... 

The answer is 5 777 0 7 a 717 C 2/. Musde tremors, seizures, and increased reaction to stimuli can result from fixjlitation of the action potential, which te an acute arnl explosive event Substances that lower the threshold enhance nerve conduction, resulting in increased neurologic activity. Ibxicantstfiat interfere with axoi transport cause "dying... 

Strychnine causes loss of the inhibitaty efiect of the intemuncial rreurons in the spinal reflex arc. Loss of these inhibitory effects allows excessive reaction to stimuli. The extensor muscles predominate, leading to rigidity and tetarric seizures that are worsened by stimuli because there is no corrtrol over tire spinal reflexes. 

The question whether viruses are alive can only be answered with an exact definition of alive. They are able to mutate and to reproduce identically, but are not able to metabolize, and show no (or only very limited) reaction to stimuli. There is justification for saying that viruses gain the attributes of life only in conjunction with the host cell. 

The chemical methodology employed by biochemistry has already provided significant insight into the true nature of cellular activity. But, on the other hand, this approach does have definite limitations. When we use chemical methods we expect answers only from the field of chemical knowledge and experience. Phenomena of life belonging to other areas of science, as for example bioelectric properties, reaction to stimuli, and behavior cannot be effectively approached by chemical methods more suitable research methods are needed. Some phenomena, like man s consciousness, do not lend themselves to analysis by the usual scientific techniques. 

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