Neurological activities

Salah SM, Jager AK. Screening of traditionally used Lebanese herbs for neurological activities.] Ethnopharmacol 2005 97 145-159. 

GD is more neurologically active than GA and GB. A dosage of 0.01 mg/kg (ingestion or skin absorption) may bring death within 1 minute. Since the body s ability to detoxify GD is very slow, it tends to accumulate in the body. Because it persists 1 to 2 days under moderate weather conditions, casualties through dose accumulation are common. 

Tranquilizers and analgesics are neurologically active drugs. These affect the message transfer mechanism from nerve to receptor. 

Methylcobalamin is the coenzyme form of vitamin It is neurologically active, most bioavailable and best utilized. Unlike cyanocobalamin, it does not require any conversion after absorption by the body and is better retained by the liver and other tissues. It has exhibited beneficial effects against brain aging, irregular sleep patterns. It supports immune function and promote normal cell growth. It represents one of the best values in nutritional products, given its comparably low cost and its wide range of potential benefits. 

We met the amino group when we were discussing the amino acids we mentioned that it was this group that gave these compounds their basic properties. Amines often have powerful fishy smells the smell of putrescine is particularly foul. It is formed as meat decays. Many neurologically active compounds are also amines amphetamine is a notorious stimulant. 

The first proposition, "conscious processes are subserved by neural activity", is in logical contradiction to the second, "conscious processes play causal roles", if the first proposition is taken to mean that for every conscious process that may be defined or intuited to exist, then there is necessarily a real, durational, and logical sequence of neurological operations in the brain which precedes and causes the conscious activity (causation must have duration and precede the effect which results), then the conscious process of the second proposition must be included it must also be caused by neurological activity, and so its apparent causative power is only a reaction to previous neurological causation. As i stated above, the mind, or consciousness, is thus reduced to having no actual causative power at all, it becomes an inoperative concept. 

Adrenergic—Neuronal or neurologic activity caused by neurotransmitters such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. 

Louzao, M.C. et al., Changes in membrane potential an early signal triggered by neurologically active phycotoxins, Chem Res Toxicol 19, 788, 2006. 

TOTAL SYNTHESES OF MEMBERS OF THE RIBISIN CLASS OF NEUROLOGICALLY ACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCT INSPIRE A SECOND-GENERATION CHEMOENZYMATIC APPROACH TO (+)-GALANTHAMINE... 

Magnetic field gradients may also be generated with RF in homogeneous static fields. Surface coils are tuned to resonate spins at specified depths within a material. As the spins are in a homogeneous field, it is possible to resolve chemical shift information as a function of distance. Metabolic studies in vivo, especially of phosphate materials, provide unique information. Clinical MRI studies of disease states are becoming practical. Functional MRI is used to identify sites of neurological activity in the brain. 

Among the amino acids from Lathyrus are 2,4-diamino-butyric acid (56) (a neurologically active factor) see above), A -oxalyl-2,3-diaminopropionic acid (57) (a potent neurotoxin), 3-cyanoalanine (58) (a neurotoxin), and the 4-gluta-myl derivative of 3-cyanoalanine. The decarboxylation product of 3-cyanoalanine, 3-aminopropionitrile (59), and its 4-glutamyl derivative induce many of the osteolathyritic skeletal abnormalities (Rosenthal, 1991) (Fig. 13.13). 

Members of the histrionicotoxin family of alkaloids have attracted considerable interest because of their nnique structural features and their important properties as cholnolytics and modifiers of specific ion channels in nerves. Syntheses of perhydro-histrionicotoxin, a nonnatural alkaloid with comparable activity, were described in the literature. Recent reports showed that a variety of simpler analogs of perhydrohistrion-icotoxin also possess significant neurological activity. Godleski et selected... 

The PC 12 cell line has also been used to probe the mechanisms of action of various neurologically active drugs. For instance, Sulzer et al. have investigated the effects of amphetamine on exocytosis from PC 12 cells [52], Two distinct mechanisms of action have been proposed (1) exchange diffusion [53] and (2) vesicle depletion [54,55], The exchange-diffusion model involves the attachment of extracellular amphetamine to the dopamine transporter, and the subsequent transport of amphetamine into the cell while dopamine is simultaneously transported out of the cell. This model appears to predominate at low concentrations of applied amphetamine [52]. The second mechanism of action, apparently operational at high doses, involves the depletion of catecholamine from intracellular storage vesicles followed by reverse transport out of the cell [52]. The ampero-metric detection of individual exocytosis events at PC 12 cells provides a unique method to probe this second mechanism. 

The answer is 5 777 0 7 a 717 C 2/. Musde tremors, seizures, and increased reaction to stimuli can result from fixjlitation of the action potential, which te an acute arnl explosive event Substances that lower the threshold enhance nerve conduction, resulting in increased neurologic activity. Ibxicantstfiat interfere with axoi transport cause "dying... 

The pumiliotoxins are a group of more than 60 alkaloids isolated from the toxic skin secretions of the frog Dendrobates pumilis and related species. Many of the alkaloids have, as a central feature, the unusual c/s-decahydroquinoline structure, and since they possess interesting neurological activities they are an attractive target for total synthesis. A new total synthesis of rf,/-pumiliotoxin C has been reported. The main feature of the new synthesis is the Diels-Alder reaction of an activated N-acylaminodiene and a crotonaldehyde derivative leading to an intermediate with two chiral centres which can be utilized to control the introduction of the third chiral centre (Scheme 67). The method, which is short and efficient, should be useful in the synthesis of other cis-decahydroquinoline alkaloids. The overall yield of c/,/-pumiliotoxin C was 51%. 

It has been speculated that tetrahydoisoquinolone adducts formed between acetaldehyde and neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin are neurologically active and reinforce the addictive potential of alcohol. ... 

Myelin encephalitogenic basic protein Single Trp-residue alkylated loss of neurological activity (77)... 

The single Trp-residue modified loss of (77) neurological activity... 

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