Reaction catalyzed American Chemical

Fig. 6.2.4 Change in the absorption spectrum of pholasin (14.5 p,M) caused by the luminescence reaction catalyzed by Pholas luciferase (1.1 p.M). The curve shown is the differential spectrum between a cell containing the mixture of pholasin and Pholas luciferase (0.9 ml in the sample light path) and two cells containing separate solutions of pholasin and the luciferase at the same concentrations (in the reference light path), all in 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.5, containing 0.5 M NaCl. Four additions of ascorbate (3 iM) were made to the sample mixture to accelerate the reaction. The spectrum was recorded after 120 min with a correction for the base line. From Henry and Monny, 1977, with permission from the American Chemical Society.

Shi, F.-Q., Li, X., Xia, Y, Zhang, L. and Yu, Z.-X. (2007) DFT Study of the Mechanisms of In Water Au(I)-Catalyzed Tandem [3,3]-Rearrangement/Nazarov Reaction/[l,2]-Hydrogen Shift of Enynyl Acetates A Proton-Transport Catalysis Strategy in the Water-Catalyzed [l,2]-Hydrogen Shift. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 129, 15503-15512. 

Kovacs, G., Ujaque, G. and Lledos, A. (2008) The Reaction Mechanism of the Hydroamination of Alkenes Catalyzed by Gold(I)-Phosphine The Role of the Counterion and the N-Nucleophile Substituents in the Proton-Transfer Step. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 130, 853-864. 

Scheme 2. Scheme for growing silver catalyzed redox reaction. (Reprinted from Ref [28], 1999, with permission from American Chemical Society.)... 

Fig. 10.8. Basic catalytic cycle and energy profile for rhodium-catalyzed carbenoid reactions. Reproduced from J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 1014 (2002), by permission of the American Chemical Society.

Gijsen, H.J.M. and Wong, C.-H. (1994) Unprecedented asymmetric aldol reactions with three aldehyde substrates catalyzed by 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 116 (18), 8422-8423. 

Burgess, K. Ohlmeyer, M. J. Stereocontrol in Catalysed and Uncatalysed Hydroborations. In Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalyzed Reactions Moser, W. R. Slocum, D. W., Eds. Advances in Chemistry Series 230 American Chemical Society Washington DC, 1992 pp 163-177. 

Moser, W. R., Reaction Monitoring by High-Pressure Cylindrical Internal-Reflectance and Optical-Fiber Coupled Reactors. In Moser, W. R., Slocum, D.W. (Eds.), Homogeneous Transition Metal-Catalyzed Reactions, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 1992, Advanced Chemistry Series 230, p. 5. 

Kress, J. D. Leung, P. G. Tawa, G. J. Hay, P. J. Calculation of a Reaction Path for KOH-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Siloxanes. In Silicones and Silicone-Modified Materials Clarson, S. J., Fitzgerald, J. J., Owen, M. J., Smith, S. D., Eds. AGS Symposium Series 729 American Chemical Society Washington, DC, 2000 pp 81—97. 

Prakash, Chlorination and bromination of fullerenes. Nucleophilic methoxylation of polychlorofullerenes and their aluminum trichloride catalyzed friedel-crafts reaction with aromatics to polyarylfullerenes, Journal of American Chemical Society, vol. 113, pp. 9385-9387,1991. 

Fig. 7.11 Reaction profiles for L-catalyzed isomerization of cis-to-trans ML2X2. In (A) an ionic intermediate is favored by a polar solvent. In (B) ion-pair formation arises with a less polar solvent. In (C) a non-polar solvent promotes a 5-coordinated intermediate. In (C), pseudo-rotation occurs. Based on D. G. Cooper and J. Powell, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 95, 1102 (1973) see also Ref. 90. Reproduced with permission from D. G. Cooper and J. Powell, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 95, 1102 (1973). (1973) American Chemical Society.

W. R. Moser, in Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalyzed Reactions, ACS Advances in Chemistry Series, Vol. 230, Eds. W. Moser, D. W. Slocum, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1992, pp. 3-18. 

Miyaura and co-workers have reported the rhodium- or iridium-catalyzed trans-hydroboration of terminal alkynes, where hydroboration ofthe vinybdene complexes is considered as a key reaction path Ohmura, T., Yamamoto, Y. and Miyaura, N. (2000) Journal of the American Chemical Society, 122, 4990. 

Scheme 5 Above Polymerization of EDOT catalyzed by SBP using terthiophene as a redox mediator. Below Proposed mechanism for the reaction. (Reprinted with permission from Nagarajan et al. [44]. 2008, American Chemical Society)...

More recent review Hayashi, T. Asymmetric Grignard Cross-Coupling Catalyzed by Chiral Phosphine-Nickel and Phosphine-Palladium Complexes, in Asymmetric Reactions and Processes in Chemistry (Eliel, E. L., Otsuka, S. ed.), American Chemical Soc. Symp. Series Vol. 185, p. 177 (1982)... 

Figu re 12.6 Curves for the accumulation of ampicillin in the PGA catalyzed-synthesis reaction at decreasing water content, from 35% w/w (curve 1) to 10% w/w (curve 5). Reprinted with permission from Youshko M. I., Svedas V. K., Adv. Synth. Catal., 2002, 344, 894. Copyright (2002), American Chemical Society [84]. 

Fig. 26. Geometries of the two transition states for zeolite-catalyzed cracking reactions of ethane obtained from a density functional study on a zeolite cluster model. The distances are in angstroms and angles in degrees. (Reprinted with permission from Blaszkowski et al. (134). Copyright 1996 American Chemical Society.)...

Amatore, C., Bahsoun, A.A., Jutand, A. et al. (2003) Mechanism of the stifle reaction catalyzed by palladium ligated to arsine ligand PhPdl(AsPh3)(DMF) is the species reacting with vinyl stannane in DMF. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 125(14), 4212-22. 

Iightowler, S. and Hird, M. (2005) Monodisperse aromatic oligomers of defined structure and large size through selective and sequential Suzuki palladium-catalyzed crosscoupling reactions. Chemistry of Materials A Publication of the American Chemical Society, 27, 5538 -9. 

Narayanan, R. and M.A. El-Sayed (2003). Effect of catalysis on the stability of metallic nanoparticles Suzuki reaction catalyzed by PVP-paUadium nanoparticles. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 125(27), 8340-8347. 

Moser WR, Slocum DW. Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalyzed Reactions. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, 1992. 

Chatani, N. et al. 2001. Ru3(CO)i2-catalyzed coupling reaction of sp3 C-H bonds adjacent to a nitrogen atom in aUcylamines with alkenes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 123 10935 1. 

Representative for the Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of Amines with Aryl Chlorides using (f-BuljP/Pd (Reproduced with permission from [50]. 1999 American Chemical Society) In a dry box, aryl halide, amine, Pd(dba)j, (t-BuljP, and sodium fert-butoxide were weighed directly into a screw cap vial. A stir bar was added followed by 1.0-2.0 ml of toluene to give a purple mixture. The vial was removed from the dry box, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature. After 5.5 h, the reaction mixture was adsorbed onto sihca gel and chromatographed with 50% toluene/hexanes to give 242 mg (90%) of N-(4-cyano-phenyl)diphenylamine as a white solid. 

Representative Procedure for the Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of Amines with Aryl Bromides using DPPF/Pd (Excerpted with permission from [29]. 1996 American Chemical Society) In an inert atmosphere dry box, DPPFPdClj and 3.0 equiv. of DPPF/Pd were added to a solution of 20 equiv of bromoben-zophenone and 25 equiv of sodium ferf-butoxide in 8 ml of anhydrous THF. The reaction tube was sealed with a cap containing a PTFE septum and removed from the dry box. Butylamine (25 equiv) was added to the reaction mixture by syringe, and the mixture was heated to 100 °C for 3 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, the volatile materials were removed by rotary evaporation, and the product was isolated by either sublimation or silica-gel chromatography (20 1 hexane/EtOAc or 10 1 hexane/Et20 followed by 4 1 hexane Et20). 

Figure 14. Reaction energy diagrams of the reactions of alkylation of toluene with methanol catalyzed by H-MOR, which give as products p xylene, m-xylene. or o-xylene. and water (all values in kJ/mol). The values correspond to energies at OK (American Chemical Society,...

Figure 16. Front and side views of the transition states and intermediate for the isomerization reaction via disproportionation reaction pathway of xylene molecules catalyzed by an acidic Mordenite as obtained from the periodic calculations (American Chemical Society,...

Figure 17. Reaction energy diagrams of the intramolecular isomerization of or/Ao-xylene (top), para- y ene (middle) and mela-xylene (bottom) catalyzed by H-MOR as obtained from the periodic structure calculations (in kJ/mol) (American Chemical Society, 2001). ...

Hofmann. J. E. and Schriesheim. A.. "Ionic Reactions Occurring During Sulfuric Acid Catalyzed Alkylation", Journal American Chemical Society, XXXIV, (March 20, 1962), pp. 953-961. 

Shu, C.Y, Cai, T., Xu, L.S. et al. (2007) Manganese(lll)-catalyzed free radical reactions on trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerenes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 129, 15710-15717. 

Fig. 18.1 Panigrahi et al. show (a) the dependence of the catalyzed reaction rate on colloidal gold nanoparticle size from 8 to 55 nm and (b) the dependence of the reaction rate on the total available surface area of the colloidal nanoparticles. The linear dependence shows that the surfaces are the same for 8 to 55 nm colloidal particles, but does not prove if catalysis is heterogeneous (surface catalyzed) or homogeneous (solution catalyzed). The total gold atom concentration was kept constant in each experiment. Reprinted with permission from [9]. Copyright 2007, American Chemical Society...

Fig. 10. Rates of imidazole-catalyzed ester hydrolysis as a function of the rate of alkaline hydrolysis nucleophilic reactions of acetates, general base catalysis of acetates, a general base catalysis of methyl and ethyl esters, o (ionic strength 1-0 25°). Trifluoroethyl acetate measured with N-methylimidazole. From Kirsch and Jencks (1964a). Reproduced with permission of the American Chemical Society. (> = NOAc = acetoxime acetate).

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