Reacting Metallic Calcium with Carbon

Preparation of Calcium Carbide by Reacting Metallic Calcium with Carbon. Prepare a mixture from 5 g of calcium (crumbles) and 3 g of powdered coal. Put the mixture in a crucible, close it with 

Preparation of Chloroform. First prepare chlorinated lime. To do this, add 60-80 ml of water to 60 g of pure slaked lime placed in a beaker. Thoroughly stir the mixture. Put the beaker into a bath with ice and pass chlorine purified from hydrogen chloride into the mixture during two hours. 

Transfer the obtained chlorinated lime into the reaction flask of an apparatus for preparing chloroform (Fig. 106) and pour in 150 ml of water. Put a mixture of 20 ml of acetone and 20 ml of water into 

Add the acetone dropwise to the flask from the dropping funnel. Carefully heat the flask on an enclosed electric stove. If the reaction proceeds too violently, the reaction mixture may be thrown from the flask into the receiver. In this case, stop heating and cool the flask in a bath with cold water. Add the following portions of acetone as the formed chloroform is distilled off. 

Separate the chloroform from the water with the aid of a separatory funnel. To purify the chloroform, place it into a separatory funnel and pour in a 2% sodium hydroxide solution. Mix the liquid well by shaking it. Separate the chloroform layer. Repeat the operation, replacing the sodium hydroxide solution with water. Dry the chloroform over anhydrous copper sulphate. 

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Sihcon carbide is comparatively stable. The only violent reaction occurs when SiC is heated with a mixture of potassium dichromate and lead chromate. Chemical reactions do, however, take place between sihcon carbide and a variety of compounds at relatively high temperatures. Sodium sihcate attacks SiC above 1300°C, and SiC reacts with calcium and magnesium oxides above 1000°C and with copper oxide at 800°C to form the metal sihcide. Sihcon carbide decomposes in fused alkahes such as potassium chromate or sodium chromate and in fused borax or cryohte, and reacts with carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ak, and steam. Sihcon carbide, resistant to chlorine below 700°C, reacts to form carbon and sihcon tetrachloride at high temperature. SiC dissociates in molten kon and the sihcon reacts with oxides present in the melt, a reaction of use in the metallurgy of kon and steel (qv). The dense, self-bonded type of SiC has good resistance to aluminum up to about 800°C, to bismuth and zinc at 600°C, and to tin up to 400°C a new sihcon nitride-bonded type exhibits improved resistance to cryohte. 

An electrolytic method for removing CaO from CaCl2 was suggested by Barletta, et.al.17 The salt is electrolyzed in a cell with a graphite consumable anode. Oxygen is removed at the anode where it reacts with carbon to form CO and C02. Calcium ions are reduced to metal at the cathode. Thus, the electrolytic reduction reaction should be... 

Calcium chlorate reacts dangerously as do metal chlorates. This occurs with interactions of this compound with carbon, aluminium, metal sulphides, sulphur and phosphorus. 

Binary carbides are formed when the metals are heated strongly with carbon. The most important carbide of the group IA and IIA metals is calcium carbide, CaC2. Ibis carbide is actually an acelylide because it contains the C/ ion and it reacts with water to produce acetylene. 

The preparation oi the alkali bromides.—While V. Merz and W. Weith 2 found that metallic sodium reacts very slowly with bromine such that even after the two elements have been kept for 8 hrs. at 200°, the conversion of sodium into the bromide is but superficial potassium, caesium, and rubidium unite with bromine more quickly, forming the alkali bromide. The bromides are also formed when hydro-bromic acid is neutralized with the alkali hydroxide or carbonate, and the soln. evaporated. This method, for example, has been used for preparing rubidium bromide, RbBr. C. Chaubrie and N. N. Beketofi made a soln. of caesium bromide, CsBr, by the double decomposition of caesium sulphate, and barium bromide. P. Klein 3 made lithium bromide by digesting calcium bromide with lithium carbonate... 

The reactive metals of Groups IA and IIA will react at elevated temperatures with carbon and silicon to give binary compounds. Of all the possible carbide compounds, by far the most important of the carbides is calcium carbide, CaC2. This compound is properly considered as an acetylide because its reaction with water produces acetylene ... 

Review the "Stoichiometry chapter for information about mass-mass stoichiometry. In this investigation, you will use a double-displacement reaction, but Na2C03 will be used as a reagent to identify how much calcium is present in a sample. Like strontium and other Group 2 metals, calcium salts react with carbonate-containing salts to produce an insoluble precipitate. 

Metal sulfates can be cracked to sulfur dioxide. This is the basis of the Muller-Kuhne process, which is operated in several Eastern European countries, the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria and South Africa, but whose importance has strongly diminished of late. In this process calcium sulfate (naturally occurring gypsum or anhydrite or gypsum from the manufacture of phosphoric acid) is reacted with coal in the presence of clay and sand in a rotary tube furnace a temperatures between 700 and 1200°C. Initially calcium sulfide and carbon dioxide are formed, which further react forming calcium oxide and sulfur dioxide ... 

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