Decomposition radiolytic

The BWR water chemistry parameters are given in Table 4 (19). Originally, no additives were made to feedwater—condensate or the primary water. The radiolytic decomposition of the fluid produced varying concentrations of O2 in the reactor vessel, ranging from about 200 ppb O2 in the reactor recirculation water to about 20 ppm O2 in the steam. Stoichiometric amounts of hydrogen were also produced, ie, 2 mL for each mL of O2. Feedwater O2 was about 30 ppb, hence the radiolytic decomposition of the water was a primary factor in determining the behavior of materials in the primary system and feedwater systems. 

The monoxides SeO and TeO have transient existence in flames but can not be isolated as stable solids. PoO has been obtained as a black, easily oxidized solid by the spontaneous radiolytic decomposition of the sulfoxide P0SO3. 

Mossbauer spectra may also be used to study radiolytic decompositions [330],... 

Cecal A, Goanta M, Palamaru M, Stoicescu T, Popa K, Paraschivescu A, Anita V (2001) Use of some oxides in radiolytical decomposition of water. Rad Phys Chem 62 333-336... 

Water radiolysis is actually more complex than suggested by Eq. (2). A more complete series of reactions representing the radiolytic decomposition of water may be found in Table 1. 

Many undesirable organochlorine compounds are produced by the chlorination of drinking water. Among these are chloroacetic acids and trihalo-methanes. Studies have reported the radiolytic decomposition of CHC13 and related compounds [11-14], An example is shown in Fig. 1, where the concentration decrease for various bromochloromethanes is plotted vs. absorbed dose. A proposed mechanism for the decomposition of CHC13 and formation of by-products, involving the three important radical products of water radiolysis is shown ... 

The previous sections have discussed the radiolytic decomposition of pollutants in water and wastewater. Other applications are possible. Chelating agents were often used in various processes designed to separate radionuclides at nuclear laboratories. The presence of these compounds in the resulting nuclear wastes complicates treatment. The radiolytic degradation of these compounds is an area of current investigation [39]. 

The preparation of multilabeled compounds representsse a difficult synthetic problem, owing to the high specific activity of tritium, ca. 58,250 Curie per mole, which causes a fast self-radiolytic decomposition of the pime tritiated substances and the formation of isotopic byproducts, containing only one T atom per molecule. 

The reduction of Am(V) by H0O2 has been studied in O.IM HCIO4 by Zaitsev et al. (99). Tlie rate is probably first order in each of the reactants, but it is complicated by some radiolytic decomposition of H2O2. The temperature dependence was determined, but the acid dependence was not. 

Much of this chapter is concerned with the thermal, photolytic, photosensitized and radiolytic decompositions of pure organic hydrocarbons. Since the action of heat on cyclic hydrocarbons usually leads to reactions that occur by simpler mechanisms than is the case with the other hydrocarbons, these reactions are considered first (Section 2). This section deals with isomerizations as well as decompositions. Section 3 is concerned with cis-trans isomerizations, in which there is twisting about a double bond. The decompositions of non-cyclic hydrocarbons are dealt with in Sections 4-7, and a final section (8) treats the effects of additives, such as inhibitors, on the various decompositions and isomerizations. 

The aromatic amino acids, when irradiated in aqueous solution, show effects that are typical of aromatic compounds and amino acids. Phenylalanine is deami-nated in aerated solutions with the formation of a ketone. The aromatic ring remains relatively stable to radiolytic decomposition. 

The stability of the Pu product was tested by dividing the solution into two equal portions, washing one portion with 1 vol % n-paraffin, and leaving the other untreated. Within 24 hr, solids formed in the unwashed portion of solution. No solids formed in the n-paraffin washed portion for more than a month. The solids were not analyzed, but are believed to be Pu DBP compounds formed by radiolytic decomposition of dissolved and entrained TBP. 

Synchrotron radiation [26] can provide the more intense X-ray beams required for X-ray topography and real-time examinations of samples, during thermal or radiolytic decomposition, are possible. 

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