Radioactive ores

Safety Series No. 79 Design of Radioactive Waste Management Systems at Nuclear Power Plants (1986). Safety Series No. 90 The Application of the Principles for Limiting Releases of Radioactive Effluents in the Case of the Mining and Milling of Radioactive Ores (1989). 

It is obvious from the data of Tables ll-VIII to I l-XII that the emanation power varies widely. As a rule, the finer the particle size the greater the emanation power. However, when samples are severely weathered or damaged, as in the case of radioactive ores, further comminution of a specimen has little effect on the emanation power. In both cases it is believed that Ra has migrated from the original site of its parent in the crystal lattice and has adsorbed on the surfaces of microfractures facilitating Rn escape. When certain samples are pulverised in the laboratory they may even emit less Rn than the whole lump. This can happen when U and its decay products are associated with minerals that do not pulverise as easily, i.e., are less friable. Starik and Melikova (1957) found that a whole lump of ore had an emanation power of 46%... 

Tugarinov, A.I. and Osipov, Yu. G., 1974. Flow of helium through granite massifs and zones containing radioactive ores. Geochem. Internal., 11 981 -986. 

It is well known that the risk of acquiring many diseases is directly related to occupation. Some examples of disease hazards related to occupation include the development of bone cancers among workers who applied radium paint to watch dials and hands, the occurrence of lead poisoning in battery workers, bladder cancers in aniline dye workers and lung cancers in miners of radioactive ores. 

Atomic Weights of Lead Obtained from Various Radioactive Ores and Published in 1914 by Theodore W. Richards and Max E. Lembert ... 

Recall from the discussion of radioactive material in this chapter that uranium and thorium ores, and other naturally radioactive ores that are not intended for processing to remove the radionuclides are exempt from the HMR. This is an example of how physically identical material, equal in isotopes and activity, can be regulated differently for shipment based on its administrative status, previous use, or intended use. When planning for compliant shipping, the history and planned use of the material can be as important as fhe isotopic analysis. 

INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Decommissioning of Facilities for Mining and Milling of Radioactive Ores and Closeout of Residues, Technical Rqiorts Series No. 362, IAEA, Vienna (1994). 

All types of radiation except cosmic be present in nuclear power stations or nonpower nuelear reactors, such as those operated for scientific or medical research or medieal isotope production. Each type of radiation (except cosmie) can be given off from radioactive ore mining and productiom This includes uranium ore, but also thorium containing minerals such as monazite, which is present in mineral sands mined to produce white pigment. 

INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Radiation Monitoring in the Mining and Milhng of Radioactive Ores, Safety Series No. 95, IAEA, Vienna (1989). 

Mokrousov V, Lileev V (1979) Radiometric beneficiation of not radioactive ores. Nedra, Moscow (in Russian)... 

By irradiating dust in a neutron flux [109, 112, 113], dust tagged with, for example, %a, and other isotopes has been obtained, For modeling radioactive dust formed by the processing of radioactive ore >in isotope laboratories, nuclear reactors, etc., Semashko and Plievskii [114] used phosphoric acid (H3PO4) with a marker atom of P, The acid particles had the following fractional composition less than 60 m, 40% 60-80 M, 45% 80-100 M, 15%. 

A source is broadly defined as anything that may cause radiation exposure. The definition includes radioactive substances and devices that contain radioactive substances or produce radiation. It also includes installations and facilities that contain radioactive substances or devices that produce radiation, including irradiation installations, mines and mills processing radioactive ores, installations processing radioactive substances, nuclear installations and radioactive waste management facilities. These Fundamentals apply to each individual source of radiation within an installation or to the installation as a whole considered as a source. For the purposes of the Fundamentals, these sources and installations are all referred to as sources. 

Survey meters are used in radioactive-ore prospecting as well. If the instrument is not functioning according to specification, the ore may not be located, and the natural resource would remain hidden. 

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