Radio-sensitizing/-sensitizer

PF-01367338 (27) was identified as a clinical chemo- and radio-sensitizer [26] from several series of previously reported bicyclic and tricyclic PARPi. Compounds were evaluated based on their ability to potentiate the activity of TMZ and topotecan in cells, in comparison to control AG14361 (26). Further triage in vivo identified 27 displaying a Ki = 1.4 nM and PF50 = 8.1 in cells. 

Moreover, in view of such an universal activity of MYKO 63, EORTC decided in May 1980 to extend to 1982 the period during which this drug will be tested on animal tumors. To date new results increase still further the spectrum of effectiveness of MYKO 63 successful experiments were performed — or are in progress - on tumors such as lymphomas and lymphosarcomas, either radioresistant or radio-sensitive, on neuroblastomas (acute brain tumors, mainly in children), fibroblastomas (muscles tumors) and HeLa (from Helen Lattimer, the first patient who died from this tumor) cervix carcinoma (uterus tumor). 

Cyclicity of administration is vital in the use of 5-FU as a radiosensitizer. The concept of cyclical treatment has been well established in cancer chemotherapy and alien to classical radiation therapy (where it is termed split-course therapy). 5-FU radio-sensitizes tumor tissue as well as normal cells. However, this normal tissue radio-sensitizationis limited to the irradiated field. Suitable fractionation (i.e., cyclical therapy) can permit rapid normal tissue recovery (23). The results of infused 5-FU and radiation in head and neck cancer supports the principle that cyclical treatment with 5-FU does not suffer from the limitations apparent in split-course radiation treatments. 

Lawrence TS, Chang EY, Hahn TM, et al. Radio sensitization of pancreatic cells by 2, 2 -difluro-2 -deoxycytidine. Int J Rad One Biol Phys 1996 34 867-872. 

Zhang XL, Yang SJ, AshamallaH, etal. Gemcitabine induced radio sensitization of human breast cancer cells. Pro Am Soc Clin Oncol 1998 17 abstract 1732. 

Ostruszka LJ, Shewach DS. Gemcitabine and radio sensitization in two glioblastoma cells lines. Proc AmerSoc Cancer Res 1998 39 abstract 2599. 

We are also currently conducting a phase I/II trial in patients with unresectable, advanced, or locally recurrent HNC with potential benefits from reirradiation (Table 4). We chose to evaluate the promising radio sensitization effects of irinotecanby combining it with our FHX regimen (79). Patients were given five cycles of irinotecan (5-15 mg/m2, d 1-5), continuous infusion 5-FU (600 mg/m2, d 1-5), hydroxyurea (500 mg BID for 11 doses), and hyperfractionated twice-daily radiotherapy. Preliminary analysis of patients in the phase I setting established a MTD of irinotecan at 10 mg/m2. 

It is a nitroimidazole. It has a broad spectrum of protozoal and antimicrobial activity. It shows antibacterial action against all anaerobic cocci, anaerobic gram negative bacilli including bacteroides species and anaerobic spore forming gram positive bacilli. It is very effective in infections due to Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia and Trichomoniasis. It also causes radio-sensitization. 

Our data also indicate greater stability of the amino acids in beef than was observed in the case of 7-ray irradiation of insulin. In the latter case, Drake et al. (8) found that in addition to cystine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, proline, and histidine were quite radio sensitive. Instability of tyrosine in proteins on 7-ray irradiation has also been reported by Hatano (16), who states that in protein, tyrosine is the most sensitive amino acid. Kolo-miichenko and Morozova (24) found about 20% destruction of tryptophan, tyrosine, and histidine following 1.5 Mrads 7-ray irradiation of egg albumin. 

Khafif A, Hurst R, Kyker K, Fliss DM, Gil Z, Medina JE. 2005. Curcumin A new radio-sensitizer of squamous cell carcinoma cells. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 132 317-321. 

The treatment of infiltrating brain tumors, particularly oligodendrogliomas, requires radiotherapy, which provides a median survival of 3.5-11 years [205]. Since IdUrd is a powerful radio sensitizer [206], the intracranial implantation of... 

Magnetic resonance-based modalities provide a sensitive means of detecting breast cancer without exposing the breast, a radio-sensitive tissue, to ionizing... 

---