Ra-Dodecane

Octonol is an intermediate for the production of several optically active pharmaceuticals, such as steroids and vitamins. The asymmetric reduction of 2-octanone to (5)-2-octonol by baker s yeast was inhibited severely by substrate and product concentration of 10 him and 6 mM respectively. Whole-cell biotransformation of 2-octanone in a water-ra-dodecane biphasic system yielded a high product concentration of 106him with 89% ee in 96h [37],... 

Apichaibukol, A., Sasaki, Y., Morita, Y. 2004. Effect of DTPA on the extraction of actinides(III) and lanthanides(III) from nitrate solution into TODGA/ra-dodecane. Solvent Extr. IonExeh. 22 (6) 997-1011. 

FIGURE 7.3 Osmolality/molarity versus molarity plots for the DMDBTDMA, ra-dodecane system contacted with water at 60°C. (From L. Martinet, Organisation Supramoleculaire des Phases Organiques de Malonamides du Precede d Extraction DIAMEX. PhD thesis. Rapport CEA-R-6105, 2005. With permission.)... 

FIGURE 7.18 Sphere-to-rod transition in DMDBPMA, ra-dodecane solution. 0.54 M (+) of DMDBPMA is fitted with sticky hard-sphere (Magg = 4 and U/kBT = -1.92) and 1.25 M (o) of DMDBPMA is fitted by monodisperse cylinders of finite length, L = 87 A, and radius, R = 5 A. The presence of cylinders is also confirmed by the q 1 dependence in the spectra. 

FIG. 6 Emulsion type diagram of ra-dodecane-water emulsions ( = 0.5) stabilized with hydrophobically modified poly(sodium acrylate)s effect of changing the degree of grafting and type of the graft (single versus twin-tailed). Salt is used as a tool to estimate the copolymer HL properties. (From Ref. 152.)... 

FIG. 5 Variation of free and inteiphasal water content with total water content for the system ra-dodecane + 1-butanol + sucrose ester S1570 = (by weight)/... 

Both single and double cyclizations of the Schiff bases 65A and 66A occur in the multicomponent tautomeric mixtures derived from as- and /ra t-cyclohexane aminodiols 69 and 70, to give monocyclized ring forms of C-2-epimeric perhydro-l,3-benzoxazines (B and G) and oxazolidines (D and E), besides 7,ll-dioxa-9-azatricyclo[7.2.1.0 °]-dodecane diastereomers 67 and 68 (Scheme 10). The tautomeric ratios are found to satisfy by Equation (1) (Table 1) and are influenced by the cis- or rra t-geometry of the cyclohexane substituents in the Schiff base (A). For the equilibria... 

The coefficients a and b of equation 3-3 permit the calculation of the distillation curve at atmospheric pressure of an unknown substance from its TGA curve. This is shown in Fig. 3-20, which depicts the distillation curve of a mixture of equal portions of -dodecane (BP = 216 °C), ra-pentacosane (PB = 402 °C), and n-hexatriacontane (BP = 499 °C). The step between the two substances which have a difference in the boiling point of approximately 200 °C (Cj2 and C25) is easy to recognize. Less obvious is the transition from n-C j to n-Cjg, the signal of the DTG demonstrates two distinct peak maxima too, which permit the calculation of two boiling temperatures (213 °C and 400 °C). Moreover there is a shoulder in the curve which corresponds to a boiling temperature of 489 °C (measurements by TG750). 

The partial molar quantities of mixing were determined for normal and branched alkanes (O5 — Cio), cyclohexane, benzene and tetrachloromethane in polyisobutylene [57]. Partial molar enthalpies of mixing were measured for normal alkenes in low and high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1, polystyrene, poly(methyl acrylate), poly(vinyl chloride), polyCN-isopropyl-acrylamide), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-carbon oxide copolymer [88] normal, branched and cyclic alkanes, benzene, n-butylbenzene, ois- and ra s-decalin, tetraline and naphthalene in polystyrene at 183, 193 and 203°C [60] these solutes in poly (methyl acrylate) [57] n-nonane, n-dodecane and benzene in polystyrene in the range 104.8 — 165.1 C [71] O7—C, C12 normal alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons in polystyrene at an average temperature of 204.9°C [72], C7—Cg normal alkanes in poly(ethylene oxide) at an average temperature of 66.5 "C [72] normal alkanes in ethylene oxide—propylene oxide block copolymers (Pluronics L 72, L 64 and F 68) at the same average temperature [72]. 

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