Push and pull

With the indicator fixed to the volute mounting collar, place the needle on the end of the shaft (Figure 14-23). Push and pull the shaft axially by hand (see the arrows). This will read the tolerance in the axial bearing. This tolerance affeets the. spring tension holding the faces together. If the play in the axial bearing is too loose, the movement can open or even crush the seal faces. 

Fig. 15 Predicted cooperative effects on activation energies (in kcal/mol) at the B3LYP/ 6-31G level for model enediynes ( push and pull denote through-space repulsive (steric) and attractive (H-bonding) interactions of ort/zo-substituents with in-plane 71-orbitals of an adjacent acetylene moeity).

Obtain several IR liquid sampling cells. Using a dry syringe, push and pull air back and forth through the cells to make sure they are free of solvents. Then obtain an IR spectrum of each of the empty cells. 

Both C2 and C3 are (3 to an OH group, and C3 is also (3 to a carbonyl. Thus C3 is subject to both pushing and pulling, but C2 is subject only to pushing. The first step then is likely attack of nucleophilic C2 on electrophilic C11. Then the C3 carbocation is trapped by 012. 

The interaction of regulative driving forces (regulative push and pull) as well as the importance of the (limited) official execution can be substantiated well using the case studies ... 

Your personal power is in practice, as already noted, the result of both push and pull factors. The push factors are the problems that you want to solve, that are making the present state of affairs unsatisfactory and make you want to Improve things. The pull factors are to do with your vision of the future, which you may hold quite independently of any problems that are making the present uncomfortable. 

The cell potential is an indication of the electron pushing-and-pulling power of the cell reaction. Galvanic cells are written with the cathode (the site of reduction) on the right. 

The push and pull system has proved useful for automatic loading and unloading systems which operate under an isolator (Figure 2.74.1). Such systems are also available as AGV systems. 

The collimated (focused) ion beam leaves the hexapole and enters the ion gating system—the push and pull electrodes (Fig. 27). It is this system which provides the pulse of ions necessary for TOF analysis. When the region in front of the push electrode is filled by the ion beam, the ions are pushed towards the extraction electrodes. As this packet of ions leaves the gate it is reopened and another packet is admitted. At the extraction electrodes, ions are accelerated... 

Uysal, M. and Jurowski, C. (1994) Testing the push and pull factors. Annals of Tourism Research 21, 844-846. 

Across real surfaces and interfaces, the dielectric response varies smoothly with location. For a planar interface normal to a direction z, we can speak of a continuously changing s(z). More pertinent to the interaction of bodies in solutions, solutes will distribute nonuniformly in the vicinity of a material interface. If that interface is charged and the medium is a salt solution, then positive and negative ions will be pushed and pulled into the different distributions of an electrostatic double layer. We know that solutes visibly change the index of refraction that determines the optical-frequency contribution to the charge-fluctuation force. The nonuniform distribution of solutes thereby creates a non-uniform e(z) near the interfaces of a solution with suspended colloids or macromolecules. Conversely, the distribution of solutes can be expected to be perturbed by the very charge-fluctuation forces that they perturb through an e(z).5... 

In the local mechanical fluctuation model, the local motions of the amino acids on the proximal side of the heme are coupled to the heme through the side group of the proximal histidine. The side chain of the proximal histidine is covalently bonded to the Fe. This bond is the only covalent bond of the heme to the rest of the protein. Thus, motions of the a-helix that contains the proximal histidine are directly coupled the Fe. These motions can push and pull the Fe out of the plane of the heme. Since the CO is bound to the Fe, these motions may induce changes in the CO vibrational transition frequency causing pure dephasing. 

We talked about pushing and pulling electrons when we introduced the pinacol rearrangement, and a very similar thing is happening here tut the electron source and sink are separated by one atom instead of being adjacent. 

Although it is accurate to describe forces in terms of pushes and pulls, physicists want to understand forces in quantitative detail. For example, the gravitational force is an attractive force thus, it never pushes, it only pulls. But more important, physicists want to know exactly what determines the strength of the gravitational attraction. Isaac Newton determined this and his result is learned... 

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