Pungent/hot

Garlic, Allium sativum L., is a species in the onion family, Alliaceae. Onion, shallot, and leek are close relatives. Garlic has been used throughout history for both culinary and medicinal purposes. It has a pungent hot sensation that mellows and sweetens considerably with cooking. A large number of sulfur compounds contribute to the smell and taste of members of the onion family. Diallyl disulfide and diallyl sulfide are... 

ChHhOj, Mr 194.23, hot-tasting crystals, mp. 40°C, bp. 187 -188 °C (1.9 kPa). Z. is the pungent (hot) flavor principle in the oleoresin of ginger. 4-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-butanone rheosmin, raspberry ketone, frambinone), CioHuOj, Mr 164.20, needles, mp. 82 C, is a component of raspberry flavor. It acts as a kairo-mone on the melon fly Dacus cucurbitae and related species. It is used as a flavor substance. 

Black pepper Pungent, hot, biting Piperine, piperanine, piperylin Piper nigrum, berries from perennial vine... 

The oral cavity also responds to other sensations, such as those described as astringent taste, pungent (hot, burning) taste or some others. There is an increasingly popular behef that taste is more complicated than was originally beheved as it is related to a combination of sensations such as smell, colour, texture and the sound of foods when chewing, and even to the emotional circumstances of the consumer when eating. 

Mustard flour (ground mustard) is powdered mustard seeds with their seed coats removed. It often consists of a mixture of brown (or black) and white seeds, especially certain British and Chinese types. The more pungent ( hot ) mustard flours are those with the fixed oil removed. The fixed oil constitutes more than one-third of the flour and does not... 

Hygroscopic. Hot liquid gives pungent fumes. Frequently used to dissolve strong oxidising agents (p. 259). 

Benzyl chloride [(chloromethyl)henzene, a-chlorotoluene], CgH CH2Cl, is a colorless Hquid with a very pungent odor. Its vapors are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes, and it is classified as a powerfljl lacrimator. The physical properties of pure benzyl chloride are given in Table 2 (2—7). Benzyl chloride is insoluble in cold water, but decomposes slowly in hot water to benzyl alcohol. It is miscible in all proportions at room temperature with most organic solvents. The flash point of benzyl chloride is 67°C (closed cup) 74°C (open cup) autoignition temperature is 585°C lower flammability limit 1.1% by volume in air. Its volume coefficient of expansion is 9.72 x. ... 

NC13, mw 120.38, N 11.64% yel, vol, pungent-smelling oil, mp <-40° (Porret in 1813 reported —27°), bp about 71° (explds at 93-95°), d 1.653g/cc. Sol in cold w (decompd by hot w), ale, eth, chlf, bz, CCl CS2 phosphorous oxychloride. Prepd (with great care) by the action of sodium hypochlorite on amm chloride. The compd also forms at the anode in the electrolysis of coned amm chioride soln. Another prepn consists of bubbling chlorine into a cooled aq soln of amm sulfate di-n-butyl ether (Refs 1,... 

Iwai K, Suzuki T, Fujiwake H (1979) Formation and accumulation of pungent principle of hot pepper fruits, capsaicin and its analogues in Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Karayatsubusa at different growth stages after flowering. Agric Biol Chem 43 2493-2498... 

DETAILS - A crude extract of hemlock was used by the ancient Greeks to execute enemies of the state. Plato s description of the death of Socrates is a very detailed account of the symptoms and their progression. Pure coniine has a burning taste similar to low-grade hot sauce and a characteristic odor which should be masked. Hard liquor or pungent spicy foods are best for this. Coniine poisoning is a relatively painless process, but takes several hours and the victim is conscious and aware to the very end. 

Yellow to red-yellow gas at room temperature pungent chlorine-like odor density 9.99 g/L at 11°C liquefies to a reddish brown liquid at 11°C liquid density 1.64 g/mL at 0°C freezes at -59.5° C to red crystals (explodes) soluble in water, decomposes in hot water soluble in alkalis and H2SO4. 

Pungent and hot compounds are used especially in savoury formulations and seasonings but can also be formulated in low amounts for other applications. 

When Kidney-Yin is weak, the Kidney-Yang should be tonified. In the formula, herbs which tonify Kidney-essence are used to tonify the Yin, the material part of the body. In addition, a very small amount of hot and pungent herbs is used to activate the Kidney-Yang and thereby stimulate the growth of the Yin. 

Xi Xin is a very pungent and hot herb with an aromatic smell. It does not enter the Bladder meridian, but does enter the Kidney meridian. It can be selected as deputy in the formula to enhance the action of the chief herbs in treating an excess condition of wind-cold syndrome and can release pain. 

A side effect of Xi Xin occurs when it is applied incorrectly. Because it is very hot and pungent, it can easily injure the Yin, blood, body fluid and Qi. It should not be used, or must be used with caution, in patients who suffer from exterior wind-cold syndrome where internal heat also coexists and the Yin, blood and body fluids are deficient. The dosage of Xi Xin should also be controlled carefully in the range of 1-3 g per day for crude herbs. If the powdered herbal extract is used, the dosage should be reduced to 0.1 -0.5 g per day. Overdose may cause numbness in the throat and tongue, a stifling... 

First, herbs that are hot and pungent, enter the Kidney and Spleen meridians, warm the interior and expel cold are selected. 

Fu Zi and Xi Xin are very hot and pungent. They can stimulate the Yang, intensively warm the interior, disperse cold, accelerate Qi movement in the intestines and alleviate pain. They are often used as chief in the formula to treat internal cold syndrome. Since they are poisonous, they should be used with caution. 

First, herbs that are very pungent and hot, enter the Heart, Spleen and Kidney meridians, can disperse cold, warm the interior, relieve cramp, open up the meridians and promote Qi movement are selected. 

A small amount of sour and cold herbs should be selected to nourish the Yin and blood and generate the body fluids, as well as reduce the side effects of pungent and hot herbs. 

In formulas that warm the interior, very pungent and hot herbs, which are able to stimulate the blood circulation, should not be used in bleeding conditions or in pregnancy. 

These herbs are pungent and hot, and can directly scatter internal cold. They are used for treating excess internal cold syndrome. They can also stimulate the Yang of the internal organs and accelerate their functions so as to disperse the internal cold in both excess and deficiency conditions. 

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