Pulp materials

Chemical, semichemical, or mechanical breakdown of pulping material into fibers Removal of pulp impurities, cleaning and thickening of pulp fiber mixture Addition of chemicals in a staged process of reaction and washing increases whiteness and brightness of pulp, if necessary At nonintegrated pulp mills, pulp is dried and bundled into bales for transport to a paper mill... 

Celluloses oxidized to an aldehyde at C6 are found for instance as intermediates of the TEMPO oxidation [50]. Depending on the reaction conditions a large number of such groups may survive in the final products, the poly-glucuronic acids, and also in partially TEMPO-oxidized pulps materials it is highly likely that a large number of carbonyl groups are present as C6-aldehyde. 

Tasman JE, Berzins V (1957a) The permanganate consumption of pulp materials. I. 

Development of a basic procedure. Tappi 40 691-694 Tasman JE, Berzins V (1957b) The permanganate consumption of pulp materials. II. The KAPPA number. Tappi 40 695- 699... 

Tasman JE (1959) The permanganate consumption of pulp materials. IV. The kappa correction coefficient. Pulp Pap Mog Can 60(No. C) 231-235 Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Atlanta, (1983) Acid-insoluble lignin in wood and pulp. Official Test Method T-222 om-8 Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Atlanta, (1985a) Micro kappa number. Useful Method UM 246... 

The raw fish as received are ground and delivered to a slurry tank where the pulped material is agitated. The slurry is then sent to cookers where the oil is extracted by a suitable solvent and the water is evaporated along with the solvent. The evolved vapors are condensed, and the solvent and the water are separated by decanting. 

Extraction of ions. Methods to reduce salt loadings were, in the beginning, more or less restricted to the application of wet compress materials, e.g. cellulose pulp, to the surface of the paint layer. The enhanced humidity leads to hydration and enhanced solubility of ions that are transferred to the surface, and migrate into the pulp material by evaporation of water from the compresses. Repeated applications are necessary and the quantity of ions extracted has to be measured to decide to what extent the extractions should be done. Obviously these extraction techniques can only be successful, if it can be assured that there will be no further transport of ions into the painting, possibly enhanced by the method of attracting the salts into the compress. Hence the... 

Forest residue is defined as the biomass left in the woods after harvest and includes tree tops, limbs, cull material, and all present and future non-merchantable trees. This differs from mill residue such as bark, edgings, and sawdust, which is often fully utilized as boiler fuel. The amount of residue remaining after harvest will vary according to merchantability standards, method of harvest, and forest stand composition and quality. In a typical hardwood sawlog harvest as much as 50 percent of the potential usable biomass may be left as residue. If the sawlog stand is overmature or of poor quality, additional residue may be left. In contrast, if the stand is whole-tree chipped for pulp material, very little residue will remain. 

Drying of the potato pulp has been carried out in a large laboratory-size SBD fitted with a central screw conveyor, with an inert charge and tangential air feeding. A schematic of such an SBD, which can be used to dry pulp materials, pastes, and suspensions, is presented in Figure 15.12. 

One complication that has been reported in connection with the SEC analysis of cellulose diacetate is the presence of a small, separate peak ( prehump ) or shoulder on the high-molecular-weight end of the chromatogram (10,94) obtained from wood pulps. Material isolated from this peak is enriched in mannose and xylose, and the size of the peak can be directly correlated with the amount of hemicellulose in the pulp. The hemicellulosic material causing the prehump can be removed as a small amount of poorly soluble material by fractional precipitation. 

Pump molding n. A process by which a resin-impregnated pulp material is preformed by application of a vacuum and subsequently oven cured or molded. The pulp is first mixed with water and pumped into a tank wherein a mold, usually of wire mesh shaped like the finished article, is positioned. Air is evacuated from the mold to attract the pulp fibers, forming a preformed layer in contact with the screen. The mold is then removed from the vacuum tank, the pulp deposit is stripped off and dried, then, the preform is molded to final form by fluid pressure or conventional compression methods. 

Tonoli, G., Joaquim, A., Arsene, M., Bilba, K., Savastano, H., 2007. Performance and durability of cement based composites reinforced with refined sisal pulp. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 22(1-2), pp. 149-156. 

Level 4 Poly coated made from SMS PP or spunlace PET/wood pulp material coated with polyethylene (PE). PP is hght and comfortable, and PE gives a strong barrier to fluids. Used when high contact with blood and bodily fluids is expected. 

P. are ancient products based almost exclusively on RR. Paper is a sheet material that consists of small bonded fibers, usually and mainly cellulosic in nature. An aqueous suspension of this fibrous ( pulp ) material, pigments, fillers and added chemicals (->paper additives), is transferred into a sheet by pouring onto a fine screen and draining the vmter. Sheet formation is followed by drying and coating procedures. All these steps are completed today on huge continuous, fast-moving paper machines. 

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