Prunus communis

Starting from enantiomerically pure 4-methylsulfanyl-mandelonitrile, thiamphenicol and florfenicol have been enantioselectively synthesized (Figure 5.14). The enantiomerically pure 4-methylsulfanyl-mandelonitrile was obtained by hydrocyanation reaction of 4-methy lsulfany 1-benzaldehyde catalyzed by (M)-hydroxynitrile lyase of Badamu (almond from Xinjiang, China) (Prunus communis L. var. dulcis Borkh), which, after an extensive screening, was found to be a highly effective bio-catalyst for this reaction [85]. 

Another application of HNLs can be found in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of the broadband antibiotic thiamphenicol and its fluorinated derivative florfenicol [203]. The conversion of 4-methylsulfanyl-benzaldehyde to the mandelonitrile was catalyzed by a novel enzyme from a Chinese almond (Prunus communis L. var. dulcis Borkh). A concentrated powder from the kernels was prepared and a mixture of the cmde meal, aldehyde, and HCN was stirred in isopropyl ether at room temperature for 12 h, yielding the cyanohydrin with 99% ee after recrystallization. The building block formed was then successfully applied in the total synthesis of thiamphenicol and florfenicol (Fig. 41). 

Yitis vinifera Ficus carica Prunus avium var. Morus nigra Prunus communis var. Puniea granatum Ruhus idaeus Prunus spinosa Fragaria vesca Fragaria virginiana... 

Prunus communis L. var. dulcis Borkh (almond), PcHNL Screening for activity on 4-methylsulfonylbenzaldehyde, not purified 4-Methylsulfonylbenzaldehyde (R) [46]... 

Carbonaro M, Mattera M, Nicoli S, Bergamo P and Cappelloni M (2002), Modulation of antioxidant compounds in organic vs conventional fruit (peach, Prunus persica L., and pear, Pyrus communis L.) , J Agric Food Chem, 50, 5458-5462. 

Kahle K, Preston C, Richling E, Heckel F, Schreier P (2005) On-line gas chromatography combustion/pyrolysis isotope ratio mass spectrometry (HRGC-C/P-lRMS) of major volatiles from pear fruit (Pyrus communis) and pear products. Food Chem 91 449 Tamura H, Appel M, Richling E, Schreier P (2005) Authenticity assessment of y- and 5-deca-lactone from Prunus fruits by gas chromatography combustion/pyrolysis isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C/P-IRMS). J Agric Food Chem 53 5397... 

Almond Prunus dulcis, P. amygdalis, Amygdalis communis). Almond oil is generally considered as an oleic-rich oil (65-70%), but its fatty acid composition can vary widely. The triacylglycerol composition of the oil has also been reported. Low-saturated, high-monounsamrated oils show high oxidative and cold weather stability (i.e., they are slow to deposit crystals) (65, 66). 

Almond oil is expressed from the seeds of the bitter or sweet almond, Prunus dulcis (Prunus amygdalus Amygdalus communis) var. amara or var. dulcis (Rosaceae). See also Section 4. 

As mentioned above, almond (Prunus dulcis, synonyms P. amygdalus, Amygdalus communis L and A. dulcis Mill.) is, from a commercial standpoint, the most important tree nut. Almond is... 

Pea, Pisum sativum, 50, 578 Peach, Prunus persica, 202 Peanut, Arachis hypogea, 796 Pear, Pyrus communis, 202, 303 Pepper, Piper spp., 297 Pine... 

Lasheras, B., P. Turillas, and E. Cenarruzabeitia. 1986. Preliminary pharmacological study of Prunus spinosa L., Amelanchier ova-lis Medikus, Juniperus communis L., and Urtica dioica L. Plant. Med. Phytother. 20 219-226. 

Lipovol C-76. See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil Lipovol CAN. See Canola oil Lipovol CO. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Lipovol CP. See Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) pit oil... 

While a prominent role for ABA in dormancy seems clear, the search for other inhibitors must continue. A decline in ABA does not necessarily guarantee release from dormancy. This has proven to be true for lettuce and Fraxinus americana (Sondheimer et al. 1974, Braun and Khan 1975) and for Pyrus communis and Prunus persica (Dennis et al. 1978, Bonamy and Dennis 1977). Furthermore, it has been found that Acer saccharinum seeds possess high levels of ABA yet show no dormancy (Rudnicki and Suzka 1969). 

Sambucus nigra Combretum micranthum Dichapetalum cymosum Arbutus unedo Erica multiflora Rosmarinus spp. Psidium guajava Juniperus communis Prunus cerasus Ampelopsis hederaceae Prunus cerasus Vitis vinifera Bauhinia purpurea Citrus unshiu Litchia chinensis Sophora sp. 

The almond tree, Prunus dulcis, is also known as P. communis (L.) Arcang, Amygdalus... 

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