Morus nigra

The natural dye was extracted by immersion of fresh Morns nigra (black mulberry) in ethanol for several hours. The pure violet dye extract, a blend of p-carotene and Morus nigra, and a composite blend of chlorophyll A and B, carminic acid, trans-P-carotene, and Morus nigra extracts (hereafter called Mix) were deposited on Ti02. 

The adsorption spectra in the UV-visible range of the extracts exhibit different broad bands depending on the component of the mixtures photocurrent measurements show larger bands in comparison with those derived from adsorbed dyes. In particular, in the case of Mix, a bathochromic shift of about 40 nm was observed the proposed rationale is a band interruption between density states of Ti02 and the HOMO-LUMO in the dye. Moreover, the photocurrent response derives predominantly from the superposition of those of Morus nigra and carminic acid. 

Concerning the photovoltaic devices, when subjected to solar emission at AM 1.5, the short-circuit current (Isc) signals were 480,530, and 600 pA for Morus nigra, Morus nigra plus P-carotene and Mix, respectively. This means that the best performances were observed in the case of the blend of all organic derivatives used. 

Morus nigra, known as amoreira-preta in Brazil, is widely employed by folk medicine in many parts of the world as an antiinflammatory and for pathologies associated with dolorous process [95]. It has been demonstrated that morusin, the main prenylflavonoid of this plant, exerts antinociceptive effects on different animal models in vivo. This result suggests that the mechanisms involve the participation of the opioid system [96]. 

Hosseinzadeh, H., and A. Sadeghi. 1999. Antihyperglycemic effects of Morus nigra and Morus alba in mice. Pharm. Pharmacol. Lett. 9(2) 63-65. 

Various traws-oligoterpenols isolated from the birch Betula verrucosa (Betulaceae) are known as betulaprenols, labeled according to the number of isoprene units that their molecules contain. Betulaprenol-9 also occurs in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum, Solanaceae). Betulaprenol-11 and -12 are found in the leaves of Morus nigra (Moraceae) and in the feces of silk-worms Bombyx mori) eating these leaves. 

Pinocembrin (50) has been implicated as an attractant to a bark beetles feeding on fruit trees (Harbome, 1991). In contrast, the flavonoid aglycone, morin (39) [as well as iso-quercitrin (51) and several essential oils], is involved in feeding of silkworm larvae Bombyx mod) on mulberry plants Morus nigra) (Harbome, 1991). 

Yitis vinifera Ficus carica Prunus avium var. Morus nigra Prunus communis var. Puniea granatum Ruhus idaeus Prunus spinosa Fragaria vesca Fragaria virginiana... 

A number of factors control the feeding preferences of most animals. In the case of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, which feeds almost exclusively on the mulberries Morus alba and M. nigra, a range of factors is involved. Most of the olfactory components are monoterpenes such as citral [a mixture of neral (60) and geranial (61)] linalool (6), and linalylacetate. Bombyx larvae are sensitive to the monoter-pene mixtures when they get within 3 cm of a leaf. 

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