Protozoal infections trichomoniasis

While nitrofurans are often prepared as antibacterial agents, nitroimidazole forms the basis for an extensive class of agents used in the treatment of infections by the protozoans. Unlike bacterial infections, protozoal infections are seldom life-threatening. The physical discomfort occasioned by such infections is, however, of sufficient importance to provide a useful therapeutic place for antiprotozoal agents. A particularly common set of such conditions are parasitic infections of the genitalia caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. These disorders are called trichomoniasis. 

Phillips VIA. Stanley SL. Chemotherapy of protozoal infections amebiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and other protozoal infections. In Brunton LL, et al, eds. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th ed. New York McGraw-Hill 2006. 

Chemotherapy of Protozoal Infections Malaria 663 40. Chemotherapy of Protozoal Infections Amebiasis, Giardiasis, Trichomoniasis, Trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis, and Other Protozoal Infections 683 41. Chemodier y of Helminth Infections 697... 

It is a nitroimidazole. It has a broad spectrum of protozoal and antimicrobial activity. It shows antibacterial action against all anaerobic cocci, anaerobic gram negative bacilli including bacteroides species and anaerobic spore forming gram positive bacilli. It is very effective in infections due to Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia and Trichomoniasis. It also causes radio-sensitization. 

Weller PF. Protozoal intestinal infections and trichomoniasis. In Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, et al, eds. Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine, 15th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2001 1227-1230. 

Nitroimidazoles were then found to have excellent anti-microbial properties. For example, tinidazole (6.16) is valued for the prophylaxis of anaerobic bacteria] infection of the bowel, before operation, particularly with species of Bacteroides, also for the treatment of such infections (Hunt et al., 1979). It is also effective in the protozoal diseases, amoebiasis, giardiasis, and trichomoniasis. For the anti-protozoaI action ofnitro-heterocycles, see Section 6.3.3. 

Trichomoniasis is the most common protozoal infeaion in developed countries with an estimated 180 million infections annually. It is produced by the flagellated protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Many infections are asymptomatic. The infection occurs in women where the parasite survives in the anaerobic environment of the vagina. If the infection... 

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