Proteus rettgeri

Tryptophanase has been purified from various species, including E. coli,26) Bacillus alvei,7) Aeromortas liquefaciens,i 9) and Proteus rettgeri.l0,M) Preparations of tryptophanase from different sources are similar in molecular mass (about 210 kDa), quaternary structure... 

Fig. 8.1. Screening for penicillin G acylase activity. A) Screening in agar plate formats using 6-nitro-3-(phenylacetamido)-benzoic acid (NIPAB) [106], Colonies secreting Penicillin G acylase activity stain a NIPAB-filter yellow. B) Screening in solution using phenylacetyl-MCA and periplasmic extracts without (open symbols) or with ) penicillin G acylases from Kluyvera citrophila, Proteus rettgeri and Escherichia coli respectively [65],...

Streptococcus mutans Staphylococcus aureus Prvteus rettgeri Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus S. epidermidis Enterococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus Proteus rettgeri... 

L-Threonine is produced by some auxotrophic mutants or threonine-analogue-resistant mutants, and those are created by genetic engineering techniques. The bacteria used are Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, Brevibacterium lactofermentum, B. flavum, Serratia marcescens, and Proteus rettgeri (Nakamori 1986). L-Threonine production by fermentation was started in the 1970s. The auxotrophic mutant and analogue-resistant mutant strains obtained for this purpose were cultured in the presence of amino acids required by the mutant. 

Recently, Yamada et al. (449) reported a new method for the microbial production of L-tryptophan employing cells of Proteus rettgeri with a high level of tryptophanase activity. The method is simple and certainly is one of the most economical processes to-date for large scale production of L-tryptophan. 

Tryptophanase is an enzyme which catalyzes the stoichiometric interconversion of L-tryptophan and pyruvate, ammonia and indole it requires pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor. The enzyme from Proteus rettgeri has been isolated in a crystalline state and its catalytic properties were investigated. The enzyme catalyzes a series of oc,p-elimination, P-replacement and the reversal of oc,P-elimination reactions. 

Proteus (indole-positive) (including Providencia rettgeri, Morganella morganii, and Proteus vulgaris) TGC° or fluoroquinolone 0 BLIC, aztreonam/ imipenem, orTGC po° m Providencia stuartii... 

Enterobacter sp., Proteus vulgaris, Providencia rettgeri, Morganella morganii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 

A partially purified enzyme from P. mirabilis (72) was found to have a molecular weight of 151,000. The urease of P. rettgeri is an inducible enzyme that appears only when urea, but not its analogs, are present in the media (73). Proteus vulgaris urease was found to be inhibited in vitro by thiourea and two derivatives (74), and by hydroxamic acids (93). 

Neisseria gonorrhoeae Proteus vulgaris and mirabilis M morgani Providencia rettgeri Enterobacter sp Citrobacter sp Serratia sp Salmonella sp Shigella sp Streptococcus faecalis ... 

Carbenicillin is indicated in the treatment of acute and chronic infections of the upper and lower urinary tract and in asymptomatic bacteriuria due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, P. vulgaris, Pseudomonas, Entero-bacter, and enterococci. It is also indicated in the treatment of prostatitis due to susceptible strains of E. coli, enterococcus (S. faecalis), P. mirabilis, and Enterobacter species. 

Skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible S. faecalis (enterococcus), E. coli, P. mirabilis, the indole-positive Proteus sp., P. vulgaris, and Providencia rettgeri, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp.. Pseudomonas sp., Peptococcus sp., and Bacteroides sp. 

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